Can conjunctive use of gypsum, city waste composts and marginal quality water rehabilitate saline-sodic soils?

Sundha, Parul; Basak, Nirmalendu; Kumar, Arvind; Yadav, Rajender Kumar; Sharma, Parbodh Chander; Sharma, Dinesh Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.still.2020.104608

Cited by 41 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The increase of soil EC e after adding cattle manure is consistent with the results reported by Hao and Chang (2003) and Mahmoodabadi et al. (2013); and this can be related to the high electrolytes concentration in BM amended soil (from the manure) (Sundha et al., 2020). The higher salinity in the ZC treatment compared to the other treatments especially in the surface soil, can be related to increased cation retention on particle surfaces (Inglezakis, 2005), high salt retention capacity and larger amounts of available minerals in zeolite (Al‐Busaidi et al., 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Biochar, manure, and super absorbent increased wheat yields and salt redistribution in a saline‐sodic soil

et al. 2020

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Salinity and sodicity problems are ubiquitous in dryland and irrigated systems, and research into possible amendments to remediate soils in these systems is needed. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of organic and inorganic amendments on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum UG99) yield and salts redistribution within the profile of a repacked saline-sodic silt loam soil (EC e = 12.9 dS m −1 , exchangeable sodium percent (ESP) = 17.6% for control). The experimental design for greenhouse study was completely random with two factors (amendment and leaching fraction, LF). The amendments included biochar (2%) [B], biochar + manure (2%) [BM], zeolite modified with CaCl 2 (2%) [ZC], super absorbent (1%) [SA], and a control (no amendment) considering two levels of LF (15 and 30%). All amendments, except ZC, decreased soil bulk density and electrical conductivity, and increased soil pH and water content at field capacity after 2 pore volumes leaching. There was positive effect (p < .001) of B, BM and SA on wheat ground cover and grain yield; ZC amendment had no effect on wheat growth or yield. The LF levels did not affect wheat growth or yield. The amendments (B, BM and SA) decreased Na + and Mg 2+ concentration in straw, while K + concentration increased; resulting in reductions in the Na + /K + ratio. In general, the study showed that B, BM and SA are suitable amendments for increasing yield by improving soil conditions and reducing salts and Na + accumulation in plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Biochar, manure, and super absorbent increased wheat yields and salt redistribution in a saline‐sodic soil

et al. 2020

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“…This may be because of increased solubility as a result of increased IS and consequent release of more soluble Ca 2+ ions. These soluble Ca 2+ ions in turn resulted in the precipitation of calcium carbonate and release of H + ions (Sundha et al, 2020), according to the equation: (Ca 2+ + CO 2 + H 2 O ↔ CaCO 3 + 2H + ). Earlier researchers (Miller & Kissel, 2010; Minasny et al, 2011) had also reported a decrease in pH with increasing IS of a soil solution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of marine gypsum as an alternative to mineral gypsum in the reclamation of degraded sodic soil and as a means of enhancing crop productivity

et al. 2022

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For sustainable management of degraded sodic soils, mineral gypsum (GYP) has been widely used, but supplies are limited, industrialization, and urbanization have thwarted its use in agriculture. Therefore, there is a need to develop alternative ameliorants to GYP. We conducted a field experiment on degraded sodic soil (pH‐10.2) using marine gypsum (MG), a waste/by‐product of the edible salt (NaCl) manufacturing process. Based on gypsum requirement (GR) of soil, efficacies of GYP and MG, at equivalent doses, were compared for reclamation of sodic soil using treatments: control, 50 GR GYP, 50 GR MG, 25 GR GYP, 25 GR MG, and 25 GR GYP + 25 GR MG. The results showed a significant decrease in soil pH following appliation of 50 GR MG compared with other treatments. The reduction in exchangeable sodium percentage was found and to be highest (50.78%) in 50 GR MG among all treatments but statistically identical to 50 GR GYP. The net dispersive charge we noted was a minimum of 4.04 cmol kg−1 for 50 GR MG but was on par with 50GR GYP and 25GR GYP + 25GR MG. The presence of MgCl2, NaCl, and KCl as impurities in marine gypsum assisted its dissolution by increasing the ionic strength of solution and facilitated Ca2+ release for exchange reactions. We found the average yield of rice and wheat to be statistically similar for applications of 50 GR MG, 50 GR GYP, and 25 GR GYP + 25 GR MG. Thus, our study suggests that MG could effectively be used as an alternative ameliorant for the reclamation of degraded sodic soil without compromising crop yields, under scarce availability of GYP.

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“…The use of marine gypsum and FGDG can be highly effective; albeit with caution because of presence of impurities (e.g., NaSO 4 /MgSO 4 and heavy metals) which can be detrimental to soil and environmental health in the long run. MSWC in conjunction with gypsum is also gaining popularity for reclamation of sodic soils as it improves the physical, chemical, and biological properties of sodic soils (Singh et al, 2018; Sundha et al, 2020). However, heavy metals and pathogenic load present in MSWC may contaminate soil–water–plant–animal–human chains and thus are also a matter of investigation (Meena et al, 2019).…”

Section: Progress In Reclamation Of Salt‐affected Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation of salt‐affected soils in India: Progress, emerging challenges, and future strategies

et al. 2022

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India is facing economic losses of $US ~ 3.0 billion annually due to the existence of ~ 6.73 million ha of un‐reclaimed salt‐affected soils (SASs). The losses may go up significantly as future projections indicate an increase in the area of SASs to the extent of ~16 million ha by 2050, due to the impact of faulty irrigation practices and climate change. Managing the SASs is one of the major challenges in achieving land degradation neutrality, increasing crop productivity, and sustaining food security in India. Although the problem of SASs has been reduced to some extent through various technological interventions yet further efforts are needed for developing new avenues to further improve the productivity and restrict the expansion of salinity to new areas. The major interventions including application of various ameliorants, growing salt‐tolerant crops and cultivars, installation of sub‐surface drainage, adoption of alternate land‐use systems, and use of land shaping techniques have made significant impact nation‐wide in term of reclamation and productivity enhancement. Despite the achieved success in restoring the productivity of SASs, several constraints at the regional and national level have plagued the reclamation progress. The objective of this review is to compile relevant information available on the use and success of technological interventions to restore SASs. The emerging challenges, and the strategies that would be needed to address the problem of SASs in India are also discussed. This review may help India achieve the Sustainable Development Goals outlined by the UN for land degradation neutrality and food security.

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Can conjunctive use of gypsum, city waste composts and marginal quality water rehabilitate saline-sodic soils?

Cited by 41 publications

References 44 publications

Biochar, manure, and super absorbent increased wheat yields and salt redistribution in a saline‐sodic soil

Biochar, manure, and super absorbent increased wheat yields and salt redistribution in a saline‐sodic soil

Utilization of marine gypsum as an alternative to mineral gypsum in the reclamation of degraded sodic soil and as a means of enhancing crop productivity

Reclamation of salt‐affected soils in India: Progress, emerging challenges, and future strategies

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