Can concurrent verbalization reveal design cognition?

Lloyd, Peter; Lawson, Bryan; Scott, Peter

doi:10.1016/0142-694x(94)00011-2

Cited by 100 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Experiments using normal participants doing relatively low-level tasks are informative about creative processes-even Einstein's creative processes (Amabile, 1990). The study of any designer, no matter how inexperienced, must tell us something about designing (Lloyd, Lawson, & Scott, 1995). For an expert designer the task may be relatively well-structured compared to a novice (Gero & McNeill, 1998;Voss & Post, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sketches from a Design Process: Creative Cognition Inferred From Intermediate Products

Jaarsveld

Leeuwen

2005

Cognitive Science

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Novice designers produced a sequence of sketches while inventing a logo for a novel brand of soft drink. The sketches were scored for the presence of specific objects, their local features and global composition. Self-assessment scores for each sketch and art critics' scores for the end products were collected. It was investigated whether the design evolves in an essentially random fashion or according to an overall heuristic. The results indicated a macrostructure in the evolution of the design, characterized by two stages. For the majority of participants, the first stage is marked by the introduction and modification of novel objects and their local and global aspects; the second stage is characterized by changes in their global composition. The minority that showed the better designs has a different strategy, in which most global changes were made in the beginning. Although participants did not consciously apply these strategies, their self-assessment scores reflect the stages of the process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sketches from a Design Process: Creative Cognition Inferred From Intermediate Products

Jaarsveld

Leeuwen

2005

Cognitive Science

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“…Earlier views of "the brief" (as opposed to briefing) have focused on the brief as a written document (Design Council, 2012) -in some cases given to the designer by the client (Lloyd, Lawson and Scott, 1997).…”

Section: Design and Briefingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple perceptions as framing device for identifying relational places

Murphy

Hands

2012

SDRJ

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“…The review aimed to answer the following research question by synthesising the findings of individual studies: What is our current understanding of the cognitive processes involved in conceptual design tasks carried out by individual designers? We focused on protocol studies because unlike other empirical methods, protocol analysis is generally considered to provide direct access to a designer's cognitive processes [7,10]. Consequently, Cross [6] notes that the method "has become regarded as the most likely method (perhaps the only method) to bring out into the open the somewhat mysterious cognitive abilities of designers" (p.80).…”

Section: The Systematic Review Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Protocol Studies on Conceptual Design Cognition

Hay

McTeague

Duffy

et al. 2017

Design Computing and Cognition '16

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This paper reports the first systematic review and synthesis of protocol studies on conceptual design cognition. 47 studies from the domains of architectural design, engineering design, and product design engineering were reviewed towards answering the following question: What is our current understanding of the cognitive processes involved in conceptual design tasks carried out by individual designers? Studies were found to reflect three viewpoints on the cognitive nature of designing: design as search; design as exploration; and design activities. Synthesising the findings of individual studies revealed ten categories of executive and nonexecutive function studied across the viewpoints: visual perception; mental imagery; semantic association; long term memory; working memory; selective attention; creative thinking; evaluation and decision making; externalisation; and reasoning and problem solving. The review highlights several avenues for future research, centering on the need for general formalisms, more objective methods to supplement protocol analysis, and a shared ontology of cognitive processes.

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Can concurrent verbalization reveal design cognition?

Cited by 100 publications

References 9 publications

Sketches from a Design Process: Creative Cognition Inferred From Intermediate Products

Sketches from a Design Process: Creative Cognition Inferred From Intermediate Products

Multiple perceptions as framing device for identifying relational places

A Systematic Review of Protocol Studies on Conceptual Design Cognition

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