Can Building Codes Stop the Vicious Cycle of Recurrent Disaster?

Bendito, América; Guitérrez, Arnaldo

doi:10.2174/1874149501509010

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…While the earthquake in Chile released 1000 times more energy than in Haiti, the earthquake in Haiti resulted in 1000 times more deaths. This was largely the result of updated building codes in Chile incorporating lessons learned from past earthquake events, and the lack of codes in Haiti (Bendito and Gutiérrez 2015).…”

Section: The Grounding Effect Of Building Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grounding urban resilience through transdisciplinary risk mapping

Bendito

2020

Urban Transform

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During 2015, three key global agreements were established which converged on enhancing resilience as an overall strategy towards sustainable development. This paper builds an argument and a structured process for future research and practice that succinctly links urban resilience enhancement with the transdisciplinary development of risk maps. Risk maps are highlighted as useful tools improving a shared understanding of risk, raising awareness, and effectively guiding land use planning and zoning towards enhanced urban resilience. Building codes incorporating past and recent disaster experiences, and multi-hazard maps with high quality data for different performance levels, should be the foundation of transdisciplinary risk mapping.

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Section: The Grounding Effect Of Building Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grounding urban resilience through transdisciplinary risk mapping

Bendito

2020

Urban Transform

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“…While attention has been massively geared towards making cities resilient and resistant to large-scale emergency events, the occurrence of minor emergency events (also known as contingencies) is increasing particularly in developing countries. The occurrences of all forms of urban contingencies such as road accident (Worley, 2015; Esmael et al , 2013; Jacobs and Sayer, 1984), flooding (Du et al , 2015; Güneralp et al , 2015; Lee and Mohamad, 2014; Jha et al , 2012), building collapse (Bendito and Gutiérrez, 2015; Kamau et al , 2014; Mkula, 2014; Patralekha, 2014; Windapo, and Rotimi, 2012, fire outbreak (Navitas, 2014; Forkuo and Quaye-Ballard, 2013; PreventionWeb, 2011; Ansari, 1992) and civil unrest (Ghimire et al , 2015; Hendrix and Haggard, 2015; Hiatt and Sine, 2014), among others, have significantly increased in many urban centres across the globe (Lambert, 2015; Mitchell et al , 2015; Liu et al , 2014; Bull-Kamanga et al , 2003). Because these classes of urban events are not perceived to generate severe impacts compared to other environmental threats, the level of preparedness for them is often low, especially in developing countries, where they are seen as necessary components of urbanization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban critical infrastructure interdependencies in emergency management

Baloye

Palamuleni

2017

DPM

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to map the cascade effects of emergencies on critical infrastructure in a fast-growing city of a developing country. The paper specifically seeks to refocus the attention of decision makers and emergency managers towards a more effective way of reducing risk and costs associated with contingencies. Design/methodology/approach The study was based on a 2D representation of the three initiating events of fire, flood and automobile crashes. Detailed analysis was undertaken of the effects on the critical infrastructure, based on the probability of occurrence, frequency, spatial extent and degree of damage for the emergencies studied. Subsequently, a cascade matrix was generated to analyse the level of interaction or interdependencies between the participating critical infrastructures in the study area. A model of the cascade effects under a typical emergency was also generated using a software model of network trace functions. Findings The results show that while different levels of probability of occurrence, frequency and extent of damage was observed on the evaluated critical infrastructure under different emergency events, damage to the electricity distribution components of the critical infrastructure recorded the highest cascade effect for all emergency events. Originality/value This paper underlines the need to pay greater attention to providing protection to critical infrastructure in the rapidly growing cities, especially in developing countries. Findings from this study in Abeokuta, Nigeria, underscore the needs to expand the prevailing critical infrastructure protection beyond the current power and oil sectors in the national development plan. They also highlight the urgency for greater research attention to critical infrastructure inventories. More importantly, the results stress the need for concerted efforts towards proactive emergency management procedures, rather than maintaining the established “fire brigade, window dressing” approach to emergency management, at all levels of administration.

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Convergent Agency: Encouraging Transdisciplinary Approaches for Effective Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction

Bendito

Barrios

2016

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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Three recent global agreements have been established to facilitate the implementation of global-level responsibilities to deal with disaster risk reduction (DRR), human development, and climate change adaptation (CCA) respectively. While these agreements have a common goal of reducing social, economic, and environmental vulnerability, they have been developed by largely independent communities of practice. This has limited cross-fertilization despite the inherent multidimensional nature of global challenges and the considerable thematic overlap. We argue that developing a transdisciplinary strategy that effectively integrates disciplines, approaches, and knowledge systems will lead to greater and more sustainable impacts, together with a more efficient use of financial resources. Hybrid approaches should be encouraged during planning of future development efforts so that risk reduction is conducted simultaneously with CCA. Transdisciplinary processes are central to generating contextsensitive knowledge to support decisions on CCA and DRR options that minimize trade-offs and maximize synergies and complementarities required to guide sustainable development trajectories. Finally, building codes together with climate and risk-smart research, education, and awareness raising, are identified as priority entry points to materialize the blending of DRR and CCA approaches and effectively reduce risk while mitigating and adapting to climate change.

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Can Building Codes Stop the Vicious Cycle of Recurrent Disaster?

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Grounding urban resilience through transdisciplinary risk mapping

Grounding urban resilience through transdisciplinary risk mapping

Urban critical infrastructure interdependencies in emergency management

Convergent Agency: Encouraging Transdisciplinary Approaches for Effective Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction

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