Can bioavailability of trace nutrients be measured in anaerobic digestion?

Overcoming the bottlenecks of anaerobic digestion of olive mill solid waste by two-stage fermentation

“…[64] However, the measured levels do not indicate a limitation although it should be pointed out that the presence of trace elements does not necessarily confirm their bioavailability. [65] In a recent publication it has been demonstrated that trace metal addition can help to overcome certain other AD process limitations, such as very high ammonia levels. [50] Whether this is the case with OMSW remains subject to further test runs.…”

Enhanced anaerobic digestion of food waste by trace metal elements supplementation and reduced metals dosage by green chelating agent [S, S]-EDDS via improving metals bioavailability

“…The acid soluble, reducible, and oxidizable fractions were extracted according to the modified BCR sequential extraction scheme (Rauret et al, 1999). All liquid samples received from above extraction processes were digested with HNO 3 using a microwave oven (Ortner et al, 2014). The residual fractions were extracted using the microwave digestion method with HNO 3 , HF, and HClO 4 (Hanay et al, 2008).…”

Acutodesmus obliquus as a benchmark strain for evaluating methane production from microalgae: Influence of different storage and pretreatment methods on biogas yield

“…Macro (P, Ca, Na, K, Mg) and micro elements (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) of concentrated fresh biomass were analyzed using an ICP-OES (Ultima, Jobin Yvon, Horiba), as described by Ortner [40] to characterize the algal biomass more precisely and to check if microalgal biomass can provide anaerobic microorganisms with trace elements such as Mo, Ni and Co, which are known to have positive effects on the process stability in AD [41]. Total nitrogen (TN) of the concentrated biomass, nitrate-nitrogen (NO 3 -N) and phosphate-phosphorus (PO 4 -P) of the supernatant were measured using Hach Lange test kits (LCK 338, 340 and 350, Hach Lange, Germany).…”