“…The presence of microbial hubs in plant microbiome networks plays an important role between a plant and its microbial community [624] with key microbial metabolic processes related to plant nutrition in paper 1 [448]. The mechanism of action of Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the biofertilizer applied to cassava cultivation (paper 1) can produce a complex blend of volatile substances, which are distinct between bacterial species and other closely related species [214,215,233] provides the cassava soil and microbiome engineering, Some of these bacterial volatiles can stimulate plant growth [464,516], suppress disease stimulating ISR [464] or antagonize phytopathogens [290,695], nematodes, or insects [84,87]. Soil resources can also be transferred by shared symbiotic fungi called common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) affirmed by Simard et al, [555].…”