Can after-school programs and private tutoring help improve students’ achievement? Revisiting the effects in Korean secondary schools

Ha, Yeojin; Park, Hyun-Jeong

doi:10.1007/s12564-016-9451-8

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The present study contributes to understanding the potential trade-off between school achievement and mental health by identifying various long-term PSE participation patterns in junior high based on students' self-reported experiences. As would be expected from the previous literature, PSE participation tends to increase students' school achievement [2,4,6,7,[20][21][22]. However, previous work has overlooked the potential "side effect" of PSE on young people's mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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The Heterogeneous Effects of Participation in Shadow Education on Mental Health of High School Students in Taiwan

Chen

Kuan

2021

IJERPH

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The effect of shadow education or private supplementary education (PSE) on school achievement has been prolifically studied, but its impact on well-being remains understudied. This study examines the heterogeneous effect of PSE participation on school achievement and depression symptoms among high schoolers in Taiwan. The study uses panel data of the Taiwan Upper Secondary Database (TUSD) in the 2014 and 2015 academic years. We join the inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting (IPTW) approach and the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model to estimate the effects of PSE participation patterns on two correlated outcomes, comprehensive assessment of high school entrance examination and self-reported depression symptoms in the 11th grade. The latent class analysis identifies five PSE participation patterns: always-taker, early-adopter, dropout, late-adopter, and explorer, to predict the effect of PSE on the scores of entrance examination and later depression symptoms in high school (n = 7708, mean age = 15.33). The findings suggest that PSE participation in junior high is positively associated with academic achievement. However, PSE participation also increases depression symptoms, particularly in the case of always-takers. In other words, while always-takers increase their school achievement in transition into high school, their risks of suffering from depression are also higher than their peers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Previous PSE research, in general, has shown the positive effect of PSE on students' academic achievement [6,7,13,20,21] and entrance examination [2][3][4]8,22,23]. The positive effect of PSE on academic performance may relate to additional learning resources and opportunities outside the school walls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Heterogeneous Effects of Participation in Shadow Education on Mental Health of High School Students in Taiwan

Chen

Kuan

2021

IJERPH

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“…Also, Tan (2017) states that the majority of parents who want to give their children a competitive advantage in exams lead them to PT. In some studies, it is claimed that private tutoring increases students 'self-esteem, interest in learning, and academic performance (Hajar, 2018;Ghosh & Bray, 2018;Ha & Park, 2016). On the other hand, Chan and Mongkolhutthi (2017) states that a competitive education system negatively affects students' social development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Demand for Private Tutoring in Turkey: An Analysis of Private Tutoring Participation and Spending

Özdere¹

2021

JEL

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This article explores the process, reasons, and determinants of private tutoring as perceived by the high school students in Şanlıurfa, Turkey. This is a survey study and the quantitative data for the study was collected with a questionnaire from 1329 high school students during the spring semester in 2019. According to the findings, almost half of the participants reported having received private tutoring at private teaching institutions in the last year. The most popular subjects for private tutoring were math, science, and Turkish. Exam-focused learning, poor classroom teaching were reported as the most important reasons behind receiving private tutoring. The individuals who referred most of the participants to private tutoring were the parents. Besides, it was determined that as age, grade, father and mother’s education level, level of income, and parents’ belief in the need for education increases, the likelihood of receiving private tutoring increases; as satisfaction level with the school decreases, students are more likely to participate in private tutoring. Also, it was found out that female students spent on private tutoring more than male students. It is concluded that the demand for private tutoring in Turkey is high, and this may be due to the university entrance system based on high-stakes testing.

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“…The government has tended to frown on these institutions because it has been concerned about marketization of education, social inequalities, and the study burden on students (Choi & Cho, 2016). At the same time, the Korean authorities have provided alternative channels through publicly-funded after-school programmes available to students in all income groups Ha & Park, 2017;Gim 2017). Japan also has a long history of private supplementary education, particularly through institutions called juku, though government policies have been more relaxed (Entrich, 2018;Sato, 2012).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ljusberg¹,

Jeon²,

Han³

et al. 2018

IJREE

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During the past two decades, there is a global growing interest in the field of extended education. Countries in both the East and the West alike have been investing in developing systems to support student learning after the traditional school hours. This paper examines the similarities and differences in this trend of development in Taiwan and Switzerland. Cultural influences, the beliefs and values of these countries, and the importance of contextualization in comparative education are discussed.

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Can after-school programs and private tutoring help improve students’ achievement? Revisiting the effects in Korean secondary schools

Cited by 37 publications

References 27 publications

The Heterogeneous Effects of Participation in Shadow Education on Mental Health of High School Students in Taiwan

The Heterogeneous Effects of Participation in Shadow Education on Mental Health of High School Students in Taiwan

The Demand for Private Tutoring in Turkey: An Analysis of Private Tutoring Participation and Spending

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