Campylobacter majalis sp. nov. and Campylobacter suis sp. nov., novel Campylobacter species isolated from porcine gastrointestinal mucosa

Abstract

Strains LMG 7974T and LMG 8286T represent single, novel Campylobacter lineages with Campylobacter pinnipediorum and Campylobacter mucosalis as nearest phylogenomic neighbours, respectively. The results of average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) analyses of LMG 7974T, LMG 8286T and type strains of species of the genus Campylobacter confirmed that these strains represent novel species of the genus Campylobacter . The 16S rRNA gene sequences of both strains showed highest identity towards C. mucosalis (97.84 and 98.74 %, respectively). Strains LMG 7974T and LMG 8286T shared 72.5 and 73.7% ANI, respectively, with their nearest phylogenomic neighbours and less than 21 % dDDH. The draft genome sizes of LMG 7974T and LMG 8286T are 1 945429 bp and 1 708214 bp in length with percentage DNA G+C contents of 33.8 and 37.2 %, respectively. Anomalous biochemical characteristics and low MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry log scores supported their designation as representing novel species of the genus Campylobacte. We therefore propose to classify strain LMG 7974T (=CCUG 20705T) as the type strain of the novel species Campylobacter majalis sp. nov. and strain LMG 8286T (=CCUG 24193T, NCTC 11879T) as the type strain of the novel species Campylobacter suis sp. nov.

Isolation and Genomic Characteristics of Cat-Borne Campylobacter felis sp. nov. and Sheep-Borne Campylobacter ovis sp. nov

“…However, the other emerging Campylobacter pathogens are gaining increasing recognition as important pathogens in humans and animals [6]. In addition, with the continuous progress of isolation and culture technology, more and more novel Campylobacter species have been identified in recent years [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Domestic animals, especially pets, have close contact with humans.…”

Phenotypic and Genomic Characteristics of Campylobacter gastrosuis sp. nov. Isolated from the Stomachs of Pigs in Beijing

“…Notably, this strain tested negative for catalase, oxidase, and urease activities. Of particular significance is that the absence of oxidase activity is a trait shared with only a limited number of other members within the Campylobacter genus, such as C. gracilis and C. ornithocola [ 57 ], which makes it recognizable from closely related species C. mucosalis . The absence of H 2 S production further contributes to its distinctiveness from closely related species C. mucosalis .…”

“…The type strain of this novel species also stands out due to its inability to hydrolyze hippurate, while it exhibits the capability to hydrolyze indoxyl acetate and reduce nitrate, setting it apart from C. suis . Finally, PS10 T could be unequivocally differentiated from C. mucosalis due to its lack of oxidase activity and inability to generate H 2 S ( Table 1 ) [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. In the realm of biochemical phenotype, isolate PS10 T showcases distinctive attributes within the Campylobacter genus, allowing for its precise differentiation from other Campylobacter species through its unique biochemical profiles.…”

“…However, resistance into these antibiotics, particularly fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, is common [ 17 , 72 ]. C. coli was the predominant strain of Campylobacter isolated from the feces of pigs, and resistance to tetracycline was also common [ 25 , 57 , 73 ]. As foodborne pathogens, Campylobacter require continued monitoring and surveillance in antibiotic usage and the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance patterns.…”

“…pinnipediorum . Data for other species were taken from previous publications [ 57 ]. +, 90–100% positive; (−), 11–25% positive; −, 0–10% positive.…”