Campylobacter jejuni infection induces dynamic expression of avian host defense peptides in vitro and in vivo

Li, Pengxiang; Cui, Yifang; Guo, Fangfang; Guo, Jiahui; Cao, Xiaoya; Lin, Jun; Ding, Baoan; Xu, Fanxing

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109631

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In the current study, we found that C. jejuni did not affect AvBD1 expression in cecal tonsils at 1 dpi and 7 dpi, except for some birds showing an upregulation. Our findings appear to be consistent with those reported by Li et al [19], showing no significant differences of AvBD1 expression at 1, 3, and 15 dpi for chickens inoculated with 10 4 CFU of C. jejuni. Our findings also showed that CATH2 expression levels were not altered by C. jejuni in cecal tonsils of birds at 1 dpi and 7 dpi, which aligns with findings reported by Li et al [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our findings appear to be consistent with those reported by Li et al [19], showing no significant differences of AvBD1 expression at 1, 3, and 15 dpi for chickens inoculated with 10 4 CFU of C. jejuni. Our findings also showed that CATH2 expression levels were not altered by C. jejuni in cecal tonsils of birds at 1 dpi and 7 dpi, which aligns with findings reported by Li et al [19]. Nonetheless, they contradict those reported by van Dijk et al [17], who showed a downregulation of CATH2 expression at 2 dpi in the jejunum of chickens colonized by C. jejuni.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…C. jejuni lipooligosaccharide (LOS), lipopeptides, and unmethylated cytosine–phosphate–guanine nucleotide DNA motifs are recognized by the chicken’s TLR4, TLR2, and TLR21, respectively [ 9 ]. This recognition induces an innate immune response in broiler chickens characterized by the increased expression of various pro-inflammatory chemokine and cytokine-encoding genes in the ileal and cecal tissues ( CXCLi2 , IL-6 , and IL-1β ) [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], by a modulation of the host defense peptide gene expression in the intestinal tissues [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], and by an increase in the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS )-encoding gene in cecal tissue [ 20 ]. Furthermore, this early immune response leads to the infiltration of heterophils in ileal and cecal tissues [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intestinal Colonization of Campylobacter jejuni and Its Hepatic Dissemination Are Associated with Local and Systemic Immune Responses in Broiler Chickens

et al. 2023

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Campylobacter jejuni is an important foodborne pathogen. Despite the lack of clinical signs associated with its colonization in poultry, it has been reported to interact with the intestinal immune system. However, little is known about the interaction between C. jejuni and the chicken immune system, especially in the context of hepatic dissemination. Therefore, to follow up on our previous study showing intestinal colonization and hepatic spread of C. jejuni, cecal tonsils and liver samples were collected from these birds to determine the mRNA levels of chemokines and cytokines. Serum samples were also collected to determine serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations and specific IgY titers. Lack of Th17 induction was observed in the cecal tonsils of only the liver-contaminated groups. This hepatic dissemination was accompanied by innate, Th1 and Th2 immune responses in livers, as well as an increase in SAA concentrations and specific IgY levels in sera. Campylobacter appears to be able to restrain the induction of the chicken gut immunity in particular conditions, possibly enhancing its hepatic dissemination and thus eliciting systemic immune responses. Although Campylobacter is often recognized as a commensal-like bacterium in chickens, it seems to modulate the gut immune system and induce systemic immunity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intestinal Colonization of Campylobacter jejuni and Its Hepatic Dissemination Are Associated with Local and Systemic Immune Responses in Broiler Chickens

et al. 2023

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“…In the present study, the expression of associated HDPs showed a significant increase in the cecum of E. tenella infected chickens. HDP in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens are mainly expressed by enterocytes and Paneth cells, and play crucial roles in controlling microbiota and protecting from the pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens 52,53 . CATH, an important HDP in chicken, not only has rapid antimicrobial activity against a broad range of bacteria, but also regulates the immune responses of host cells 24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HDP in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens are mainly expressed by enterocytes and Paneth cells, and play crucial roles in controlling microbiota and protecting from the pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens. 52,53 CATH, an important HDP in chicken, not only has rapid antimicrobial activity against a broad range of bacteria, but also regulates the immune responses of host cells. 24 However, studies on CATH activity against protozoa, especially E. tenella, are lacking.…”

Section: Changes In Hdp Gene Expression In the Caecum Of E Tenella-in...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Toll‐like receptors and host defence peptides in the cecum of chicken challenged with Eimeria tenella

Wang,

Bai

et al. 2024

Parasite Immunology

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Chicken coccidiosis, caused by Eimeria protozoa, affects poultry farming. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and host defence peptides (HDPs) help host innate immune responses to eliminate invading pathogens, but their roles in Eimeria tenella infection remain poorly understood. Herein, 14‐day‐old chickens were treated orally with 50,000 E. tenella oocysts and the cecum was dissected at different timepoints. mRNA expression of 10 chicken TLRs (chTLRs) and five HDPs was measured by quantitative real‐time PCR. chTLR7 and chTLR15 were upregulated significantly at 3 h post‐infection while other chTLRs were downregulated (p < .05). chTLR1a, chTLR1b, chTLR2b and chTLR4 peaked at 36 h post‐infection, chTLR3, chTLR5 and chTLR15 peaked at 72 h post‐infection and chTLR21 expression was highest among chTLRs, peaking at 48 h post‐infection (p < 0.05). For HDPs, cathelicidin (CATH) 1 to 3 and B1 peaked at 48 h post‐infection, liver‐expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 peaked at 96 h post‐infection, and CATH 2 expression was highest among HDPs. CATH2 and CATH3 were markedly upregulated at 3 h post‐infection (p < .05). The results provide insight into innate immune molecules during E. tenella infection in chicken, and indicate that innate immune responses may mediate resistance to chicken coccidiosis.

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Evaluation of Two Recombinant Protein-Based Vaccine Regimens against Campylobacter jejuni: Impact on Protection, Humoral Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota in Broilers

Gloanec,

Guyard-Nicodème,

Brunetti

et al. 2023

Animals

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Campylobacter infections in humans are traced mainly to poultry products. While vaccinating poultry against Campylobacter could reduce the incidence of human infections, no vaccine is yet available on the market. In our previous study using a plasmid DNA prime/recombinant protein boost vaccine regimen, vaccine candidate YP437 induced partial protective immune responses against Campylobacter in broilers. In order to optimise vaccine efficacy, the vaccination protocol was modified using a protein prime/protein boost regimen with a different number of boosters. Broilers were given two or four intramuscular protein vaccinations (with the YP437 vaccine antigen) before an oral challenge by C. jejuni during a 42-day trial. The caecal Campylobacter load, specific systemic and mucosal antibody levels and caecal microbiota in the vaccinated groups were compared with their respective placebo groups and a challenge group (Campylobacter infection only). Specific humoral immune responses were induced, but no reduction in Campylobacter caecal load was observed in any of the groups (p > 0.05). Microbiota beta diversity analysis revealed that the bacterial composition of the groups was significantly different (p ≤ 0.001), but that vaccination did not alter the relative abundance of the main bacterial taxa residing in the caeca. The candidate vaccine was ineffective in inducing a humoral immune response and therefore did not provide protection against Campylobacter spp. infection in broilers. More studies are required to find new candidates.

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Campylobacter jejuni infection induces dynamic expression of avian host defense peptides in vitro and in vivo

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Intestinal Colonization of Campylobacter jejuni and Its Hepatic Dissemination Are Associated with Local and Systemic Immune Responses in Broiler Chickens

Intestinal Colonization of Campylobacter jejuni and Its Hepatic Dissemination Are Associated with Local and Systemic Immune Responses in Broiler Chickens

Expression of Toll‐like receptors and host defence peptides in the cecum of chicken challenged with Eimeria tenella

Evaluation of Two Recombinant Protein-Based Vaccine Regimens against Campylobacter jejuni: Impact on Protection, Humoral Immune Responses and Gut Microbiota in Broilers

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