Campylobacter genotypes from poultry transportation crates indicate a source of contamination and transmission.

Hastings, Richard P.; Colles, Frances M.; McCarthy, Noel D.; Maiden, Martin C. J.; Sheppard, Samuel K.

doi:10.1111/j.1364-5072.2010.04883.x

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Evidence for intestinal (co-)colonization due to transport in Campylobacter-contaminated containers was not found (Rasschaert et al 2007). On the other hand, C. jejuni genotypes commonly associated with chickens were dominantly found on transport equipment and persisted throughout the decontamination process, indicating that improperly disinfected transport crates could be involved in Campylobacter contamination of poultry flocks (Hastings et al 2010, Patriarchi et al 2011.…”

Section: The Effect Of Transportationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poultry as a Host for the Zoonotic PathogenCampylobacter jejuni

Hermans

Pasmans²,

Messens³

et al. 2012

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

221

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Campylobacteriosis is the most reported foodborne gastroenteritic disease and poses a serious health burden in industrialized countries. Disease in humans is mainly caused by the zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter jejuni. Due to its wide-spread occurrence in the environment, the epidemiology of Campylobacter remains poorly understood. It is generally accepted, however, that chickens are a natural host for Campylobacter jejuni, and for Campylobacter spp. in general, and that colonized broiler chicks are the primary vector for transmitting this pathogen to humans. Several potential sources and vectors for transmitting C. jejuni to broiler flocks have been identified. Initially, one or a few broilers can become colonized at an age of > 2 weeks until the end of rearing, after which the infection will rapidly spread throughout the entire flock. Such a flock is generally colonized until slaughter and infected birds carry a very high C. jejuni load in their gastrointestinal tract, especially the ceca. This eventually results in contaminated carcasses during processing, which can transmit this pathogen to humans. Recent genetic typing studies showed that chicken isolates can frequently be linked to human clinical cases of Campylobacter enteritis. However, despite the increasing evidence that the chicken reservoir is the number one risk factor for disease in humans, no effective strategy exists to reduce Campylobachter prevalence in poultry flocks, which can in part be explained by the incomplete understanding of the epidemiology of C. jejuni in broiler flocks. As a result, the number of human campylobacteriosis cases associated with the chicken vector remains strikingly high.

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Section: The Effect Of Transportationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poultry as a Host for the Zoonotic PathogenCampylobacter jejuni

Hermans

Pasmans²,

Messens³

et al. 2012

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

221

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This approach has formed the basis of many recent investigations of the cryptic epidemiology of these organisms (Lang et al 2010;Müllner et al 2010;Thakur et al 2010;Hastings et al 2011;Jorgensen et al 2011;Kittl et al 2011;Magnú sson et al 2011;Sheppard et al 2011a,b;Sproston et al 2011;Read et al 2013) and will be the focus of this review. Such studies have included molecular epidemiological and evolutionary analyses and, in the past 15 years or so, the application of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies of increasing capacity has enhanced the integration of these two areas of investigation to their mutual benefit.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution ofCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter coli

Sheppard

Maiden

2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

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The global significance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli as gastrointestinal human pathogens has motivated numerous studies to characterize their population biology and evolution. These bacteria are a common component of the intestinal microbiota of numerous bird and mammal species and cause disease in humans, typically via consumption of contaminated meat products, especially poultry meat. Sequence-based molecular typing methods, such as multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), have been instructive for understanding the epidemiology and evolution of these bacteria and how phenotypic variation relates to the high degree of genetic structuring in C. coli and C. jejuni populations. Here, we describe aspects of the relatively short history of coevolution between humans and pathogenic Campylobacter, by reviewing research investigating how mutation and lateral or horizontal gene transfer (LGT or HGT, respectively) interact to create the observed population structure. These genetic changes occur in a complex fitness landscape with divergent ecologies, including multiple host species, which can lead to rapid adaptation, for example, through frame-shift mutations that alter gene expression or the acquisition of novel genetic elements by HGT. Recombination is a particularly strong evolutionary force in Campylobacter, leading to the emergence of new lineages and even large-scale genome-wide interspecies introgression between C. jejuni and C. coli. The increasing availability of large genome datasets is enhancing understanding of Campylobacter evolution through the application of methods, such as genome-wide association studies, but MLST-derived clonal complex designations remain a useful method for describing population structure.

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“…For this reason, an appreciation of phylogenetic relationships, together with an examination of the ecology of Campylobacter can enhance understanding of the origin and causes of human campylobacteriosis and this forms the basis for much of the recent work to explain the epidemiology of these organisms (de Haan et al 2010;Hastings et al 2011;Jorgensen et al 2011). (Kittl et al 2011;Lang et al 2010;Magnusson et al 2011;Mullner et al 2010;Sheppard et al 2011a;Sproston et al 2011;Sproston et al 2010;Thakur & Gebreyes 2010).…”

Section: Disease-associated Lineagesmentioning

confidence: 99%