CAMP Test Detected Staphylococcus delphini ATCC49172 β-haemolysin Production

Abstract

Through a CAMP test, we first observed a Staphylococcus delphini strain (ATCC 49172) to release beta-haemolysin. Production of the latter in this coagulase-positive species of the 'Staphylococcus intermedius Group', in fact, has been labeled to be undetermined, thus far. Of course, a wider number of strains have to be investigated in order to define whether this property is constitutive (like in Staphylococcus (pseud)intermedius), or strain-dependent (like in Staphylococcus aureus), and which clinical impact it has; nevertheless, we can state that S. delphini ATCC 49172 indeed produces this toxin.

Are zoonotic Staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains a growing threat for humans?

“…Staphylococcus pseudintermedius belongs to the Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) which also comprises Staphylococcus intermedius and Staphylococcus delphini (Savini et al 2013 ). These three coagulase-positive species are animal skin and mucous membrane commensals.…”

Remedial Treatment of Corroded Iron Objects by Environmental Aeromonas Isolates

“…3A). This synergistic effect is probably due to the presence of CAMP factor (34, 35). In contrast, no hemolysin or CAMP factor effect was observed for CU5 (Fig.…”

“…First, the strains were grown on solid Luria-Bertani (LB) medium for 24 h at 30°C, and then the two bacterial strains were inoculated on Columbia agar with 5% sheep blood for 24 h at 37°C. This test determines if bacteria produce β-hemolysin (responsible for blood cell lysis) and/or CAMP factor (enhancement of the hemolysis) (33–35). For this test, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae are considered positive controls, while Streptococcus intermedius is the negative control for the hemolytic activity (but positive for the CAMP test).…”

Searching for Beta-Haemolysin hlb Gene in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius with Species-Specific Primers

“…S. pseudintermedius strains are thought to constitutively produce β-haemolysin and rarely δ-haemolysin [ 24 ]. Apart from classic phenotypic tests (hot–cold effect, reverse CAMP test), molecular analyses of β-haemolysin based on hlb gene searching are also used [ 6 , 9 , 11 , 21 ].…”

“…The haemolysin type that has been most precisely described in the literature is staphylococcal β-haemolysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus and it constitutes a benchmark to haemolysin studies in other species [ 7 ]. In S. pseudintermedius , similarly to S. intermedius , β-haemolysin is considered to be produced constitutively [ 24 ]. β-haemolysin (sphingomyelinase) has a unique mechanism of action, such that it hydrolyses one of cell membrane lipids (sphingomyelin) to ceramides and phosphorylcholine, leading to cell lysis due to cell membrane destabilization [ 16 ].…”