The American Academy of Pediatrics has created recommendations for health appraisal and preparation of young people before participation in day, resident, or family camps and to guide health and safety practices at camp. These recommendations are intended for parents and families, primary health care providers, and camp administration and health center staff. Although camps have diverse environments, there are general guidelines that apply to all situations and specific recommendations that are appropriate under special conditions. This policy statement has been reviewed and is supported by the American Camp Association and Association of Camp Nursing.
BENEFITS OF THE CAMP EXPERIENCEFor more than 150 years, children have been attending camp. 1 Today, more than 14 000 day and resident camps exist in the United States, and approximately 14 million children attend day or resident camp supported by 1.5 million staff members. 2 When there is a successful match between a camp's philosophy, practices, and methods and a child's developmental, experiential, and temperamental readiness, abilities, and nature, the camp experience has been proven to have a lasting effect on psychosocial development, with positive effects on self-esteem, peer relationships, independence, leadership, values, and willingness to try new things. 3 Camps can also offer an opportunity to overcome a lack of connection with the natural environment, which has been associated with depression, attention disorders, and obesity. 4 In addition, research has shown that camps are safe. 5 Camp health care providers can expect to care for campers with any of the physical and emotional conditions seen daily by primary care providers. Because of these issues, the precamp health evaluation is extremely important. Parents, camp administrators, and camp health care providers should openly share consented information to help ensure that a camper is appropriately prepared for his or her new camp environment. In addition, parents and families should prepare their child for camp. Camp administration must create appropriate policies and procedures and work in cooperation with local health care providers and facilities to ensure off-site support is in place (eg, hospitals, police department, and fire department).