Objective
To investigate the effect of baseline sleep on baseline weight status and weight-loss responsiveness in obese adolescents enrolled in an immersion treatment (IT) program.
Methods
Twenty-five obese adolescents who participated in a 19-day summer camp-based IT program completed pre-intervention subjective measures of sleep duration and quality, and pre- and post-intervention BMI z-scores (zBMI) and waist circumference (WC) assessments. Objective measures of sleep were obtained by actigraphy for a random subset of six participants for one week prior to and after camp.
Results
Participant’s zBMIs and WCs were significantly reduced pre- to post-intervention (Mdiff zBMI=0.7±09, t=4.1, p<.01 and Mdiff WC=2.57±3.51, t=3.7, p<.01). Shorter weekday sleep durations and more sleep debt (i.e., participants average weekend sleep duration minus their average weekday sleep duration) were related to higher pre-intervention WCs (r=−.54, p=.01 and r=−.56, p=.01), and lower subjective sleep quality was related to higher pre-intervention zBMIs (r=−.49, p=.02). Also, longer weekend sleep durations and more sleep debt were related to smaller reductions in pre- to post-intervention zBMIs (r=−.47, p=.04 and r=−.51, p=.03). For the subgroup of adolescents who wore actigraphs pre- and post-intervention, participants increased their sleep durations (d=−.25), and reduced their sleep latencies (d=.52), zBMIs (d=.31) and WCs (d=.20).
Conclusions
These results provide further evidence linking poor sleep patterns and obesity in adolescence. They also suggest that sleep patterns may impact the effectiveness of pediatric obesity interventions and that IT programs may improve sleep in obese adolescents. Overall, they provide support for addressing sleep problems as part of obesity interventions.