cAMP activates calcium signalling via phospholipase C to regulate cellulase production in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei

Chen, Yumeng; Fan, Xingjia; Zhao, Xin‐Qing; Shen, Yang; Xu, Xiangyang; Wei, Liujing; Wang, Wei; Wei, Dongzhi

doi:10.1186/s13068-021-01914-0

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…We showed that Ca 2+ was accumulated inside fungal cells upon plasma treatment. In Trichoderma reesei , Ca 2+ promotes the transcription of cellulase genes such as cbh1 and cbh2 by activating the calmodulin-Crz1 signaling pathway [ 10 , 37 , 38 ]. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether the increase in Ca 2+ levels within cells affected the expression of cellulolytic enzyme genes because we measured the Ca 2+ level 48 h after the plasma treatment, which was far beyond the gene expression time window.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Promotes Fungal Cellulase Production by Regulating the Levels of Intracellular NO and Ca2+

Ketya

Choi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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For the industrial-scale production of useful enzymes by microorganisms, technological development is required for overcoming a technical bottleneck represented by poor efficiency in the induction of enzyme gene expression and secretion. In this study, we evaluated the potential of a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet to improve the production efficiency of cellulolytic enzymes in Neurospora crassa, a filamentous fungus. The total activity of cellulolytic enzymes and protein concentration were significantly increased (1.1~1.2 times) in media containing Avicel 24–72 h after 2 and 5 min of plasma treatment. The mRNA levels of four cellulolytic enzymes in fungal hyphae grown in media with Avicel were significantly increased (1.3~17 times) 2–4 h after a 5 min of plasma treatment. The levels of intracellular NO and Ca2+ were increased in plasma-treated fungal hyphae grown in Avicel media after 48 h, and the removal of intracellular NO decreased the activity of cellulolytic enzymes in media and the level of vesicles in fungal hyphae. Our data suggest that plasma treatment can promote the transcription and secretion of cellulolytic enzymes into the culture media in the presence of Avicel (induction condition) by enhancing the intracellular level of NO and Ca2+.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Promotes Fungal Cellulase Production by Regulating the Levels of Intracellular NO and Ca2+

Ketya

Choi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…The knowledge on the regulatory molecular mechanism of cellulase synthesis in filamentous fungi is prerequisite for rationally engineering fungal strains to improve the production of cellulase and other proteins, such as pharmaceutical proteins and industrial enzymes, which has received increasing attention [ 15 ]. It has been reported that cellulase production is regulated by varied signal pathways, such as carbon catabolite repression (CCR) [ 16 ], calcium signal transduction pathway [ 17 ], and the TOR pathway [ 18 ]. When glucose exists, CCR is induced through the transcription factor CRE1 to almost completely block the cellulase production [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When glucose exists, CCR is induced through the transcription factor CRE1 to almost completely block the cellulase production [ 16 ]. In contrast, the Ca 2+ burst through calcium signal transduction pathway can strengthen the cellulase production and cell metabolism [ 17 ]. However, whether IR and NMD is involved in cellulase biosynthesis in filamentous fungi and how, remain totally unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intron retention coupled with nonsense-mediated decay is involved in cellulase biosynthesis in cellulolytic fungi

Gao

Pang

et al. 2022

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background Knowledge on regulatory networks associated with cellulase biosynthesis is prerequisite for exploitation of such regulatory systems in enhancing cellulase production with low cost. The biological functions of intron retention (IR) and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) in filamentous fungi is lack of study, let alone their roles in cellulase biosynthesis. Results We found that major cellulase genes (cel7a, cel7b, and cel3a) exhibited concomitant decrease in IR rates and increase in their gene expression in T. reesei under cellulase-producing condition (cellulose and lactose) that was accompanied with a more active NMD pathway, as compared to cellulase non-producing condition (glucose). In the presence of the NMD pathway inhibitor that successfully repressed the NMD pathway, the mRNA levels of cellulase genes were sharply down-regulated, but the rates of IR in these genes were significantly up-regulated. Consistently, the cellulase activities were severely inhibited. In addition, the NMD pathway inhibitor caused the downregulated mRNA levels of two important genes of the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway, trfkbp12 and trTOR1. The absence of gene trfkbp12 made the cellulase production in T. reesei more sensitive to the NMD pathway inhibitor. Conclusions All these findings suggest that the IR of cellulase genes regulates their own gene expression by coupling with the NMD pathway, which might involve the TOR pathway. Our results provide better understanding on intron retention, the NMD pathway, and cellulase production mechanism in filamentous fungi.

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“…The knowledge on the regulatory molecular mechanism of cellulase synthesis in lamentous fungi is prerequisite for rationally engineering fungal strains to improve the production of cellulase and other proteins like pharmaceutical proteins and industrial enzymes, which has received increasing attention [15]. It has been reported that cellulase production is regulated by varied signal pathways, like carbon catabolite repression (CCR) [16], calcium signal transduction pathway [17], and the TOR pathway [18]. When glucose exists, CCR is induced through the transcription factor CRE1 to almost completely block the cellulase production [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When glucose exists, CCR is induced through the transcription factor CRE1 to almost completely block the cellulase production [16]. In contrast, the Ca 2+ burst through calcium signal transduction pathway can strengthen the cellulase production and cell metabolism [17]. However, whether IR and NMD is involved in cellulase biosynthesis in lamentous fungi and how, remain totally unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intron Retention Coupled with Nonsense-Mediated Decay is Involved in Cellulase Biosynthesis in Cellulolytic Fungi

Gao

Pang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Knowledge on regulatory networks associated with cellulase biosynthesis is prerequisite for exploitation of such regulatory systems in ehancing cellulase production with low cost. The biological functions of intron retention (IR) and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) in filamentous fungi is lack of study, let alone their roles in cellulase biosynthesis. Result We found that major cellulase genes (cel7a, cel7b, and cel3a) exhibited concomitant decrease in IR rates and increase in their gene expression in T. reesei under cellulase-producing condition (cellulose and lactose) that was accompanied with a more active NMD pathway, as compared to non cellulase-producing condition (glucose). In the presence of the NMD pathway inhibitor that successfully repressed the NMD pathway, the mRNA levels of cellulase genes were sharply down-regulated, but the rates of IR in these genes were significantly up-regulated. Consistently, the cellulase activities were severely inhibited. In addition, the NMD pathway inhibitor caused the downregulated mRNA levels of two important genes of the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway, trfkbp12 and trTOR1. The absence of gene trfkbp12 made the cellulase production in T. reesei more sensitive to the NMD pathway inhibitor. Conclusion All these findings suggest that the IR of cellulase genes regulates their own gene expression by coupling with the NMD pathway, which might involve the TOR pathway. Our results provide better understanding on intron retention, the NMD pathway, and cellulase production mechanism in filamentous fungi.

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cAMP activates calcium signalling via phospholipase C to regulate cellulase production in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei

Cited by 19 publications

References 47 publications

Plasma Promotes Fungal Cellulase Production by Regulating the Levels of Intracellular NO and Ca2+

Plasma Promotes Fungal Cellulase Production by Regulating the Levels of Intracellular NO and Ca2+

Intron retention coupled with nonsense-mediated decay is involved in cellulase biosynthesis in cellulolytic fungi

Intron Retention Coupled with Nonsense-Mediated Decay is Involved in Cellulase Biosynthesis in Cellulolytic Fungi

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