Cameroonian Spice Extracts Modulate Molecular Mechanisms Relevant to Cardiometabolic Diseases in SW 872 Human Liposarcoma Cells

Nwakiban, Achille Parfait Atchan; Passarelli, Anna; Dalt, L. Da; Olivieri, Chiara; Demirci, Tugba Nur; Piazza, Stefano; Sangiovanni, Enrico; Carpentier-Maguire, Eugénie; Martinelli, G.; Shivashankara, Shilpa Talkad; Manjappara, Uma V.; Tchamgoue, Armelle Deutou; Agbor, Gabriel A.; Kuiaté, Jules-Roger; Daglia, Maria; Dell’Agli, Mario; Magni, Paolo

doi:10.3390/nu13124271

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Furthermore, we clearly showed that on hepatic and adipose human cell models, those spice extracts inhibited ROS production and improved glucose uptake, reduced lipid storage, and exhibited antiinflammatory activity. 8,10 Our first chemical profiling suggested that polyphenols could potentially justify the biological properties observed. 7 The present study evaluated the Xylopia parviflora (A.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol-Rich Extracts of Xylopia and Aframomum Species Show Metabolic Benefits by Lowering Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

et al. 2022

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Metabolic syndrome is a complex condition associated with a series of pathologies featuring glucose intolerance, diabetes, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, microalbuminuria, overweight, and obesity. It is also related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recognized as the most familiar cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome and, consequently, the one of NAFLD is constantly increasing worldwide. The initial management of these diseases involves lifestyle modifications, including changes in diet and physical exercise. In addition to conventional drugs like orlistat, botanicals are traditionally used to counteract these disorders, and some of them are currently under evaluation. The present work evaluated the in vivo beneficial effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of two Cameroonian spices, focusing on obesity-related hepatic lipid injury in high-fat-fed C57BL/6 mice. Hydroethanolic extracts were prepared and characterized by reverse phase-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-photodiode array detection and ultra performance liquid chromatography-triple time-of-flight electrospray ionization tandem mass spectroscopy (TOF-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. Plant extracts were orally administered for 30 days at different dose levels (100 and 200 mg kg –1 body weight (BW)) to obese C57BL/6 mice. Food intake (FI) and BW were recorded daily. Plasma biochemical parameters and lipid content were estimated at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Liver tissues were subjected to histological examinations, lipid content, as well as oxidative stress markers, and FAME (fatty acid methyl esters) were estimated. Oral administration of extracts at 200 mg kg –1 BW significantly reduced FI and prevented BW gain. A decrease in the weight of the liver and a decrease in the hepatic and plasma lipid content were observed. Plasma enzyme (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, SGOT; serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, SGPT; alkaline phosphatase, ALP) activities were not indicative of any organ damage. Chemical analysis suggested that phenolic acids (4-caffeoylquinic acid, p-coumaric acid 4-O-glucoside, 5-caffeoylshikimic acid, caffeic acid hexose, and 4-O-methyl gallic acid) and flavonoids (morusin derivatives, naringenin-7-O-glucoside, and homoisoflavanone) identified in the extracts could potentially justify the biological properties observed. The main findings of this study showed that Xylopia parviflora (A. Rich.) Benth and Aframomum citratum (Pereira ex Oliv. et Hanb.) K. Shum decreased hepatic lipid accumulation in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6 mice and confirmed, at least in part, our previous in vitro and ex vivo studies. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are still unclear and will be explored in the future.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol-Rich Extracts of Xylopia and Aframomum Species Show Metabolic Benefits by Lowering Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, Adansonia digitata leaf extracts were found to reduce hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia (including LDL-C reduction) of diabetic rats (117). A series of spice extracts from Cameroon has also been extensively studied in different experimental settings, showing that some of them may positively modulate enzymes relevant to arbohydrate/lipid metabolism and cardiometabolic disorders (118), oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolic pathways related to lipid biosynthesis in hepatic and adipose human cell models (119,120) and in animal models of diet-induced obesity (121). Taken together, well-characterized extracts from plants used in African traditional medicine have been shown to positively modulate molecular pathways associated with hypercholesterolaemia and other events promoting atherosclerosis, suggesting their use in cardiometabolic conditions of moderate severity.…”

Section: Ethnic Medicine and Cardiometabolic Disease: Experimental Ev...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceutical alternatives to red yeast rice extract/monacolin K for moderate hypercholesterolaemia: Current evidence and knowledge gaps: Nutraceuticals and hypercholesterolaemia

Comi¹,

Giglione²,

Tolaj³

et al. 2023

European Atherosclerosis Journal

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The nutraceutical approach to moderate hypercholesterolaemia is an interesting option in the context of appropriate conditions associated with low cardiovascular risk, and red yeast rice (RYR) extract is one of the most utilized products in this field. Monacolin k, its main active component, reduces serum LDL-C levels via inhibition of β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, similarly to statins. In 2011, EFSA approved the claim regarding monacolin k from RYR extract and maintenance of normal cholesterol levels. However, in 2018, EFSA issued a warning about potential adverse effects of this nutraceutical and, in 2022, the European Commission published a Regulation with several limitations of its use. Therefore, current research and development efforts are aiming at assessing efficacy and safety of other known and novel nutraceutical products which may benefit patients with moderate hypercholesterolaemia. These active agents range from phytosterols, probiotics and berberine to bergamot, cabbage and artichoke extracts and soy protein. Moreover, plant extracts from traditional medicine, for example from African countries, are also a subject of study in this direction. The full clinical exploitation of many of them, however, still requires robust clinical evidence, which should be the objective of future research.

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“…Chiov., and Aframomum citratum (C.Pereira) K.Schum were chosen for gastro-protective evaluation. Our early studies showed that hydro-ethanolic extracts from these plants exerted antioxidant, hepato-protective, and enzyme inhibition activities [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. In addition to their anti-inflammatory effects, the combination of these dietary plants, suggested by traditional Cameroonian medicine, might provide phytochemicals (mainly polyphenols) with synergistic gastro-protective effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Characterization of Edible Plants Exerting Synergistic Effects in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells

et al. 2023

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Dietary bioactive compounds from natural sources (e.g., herbal medicines, foods) are known to potentially suppress acute or chronic inflammation and promote the effectiveness of treatment to reduce the harmful effects of gastritis alone or in combination. In this regard, we have characterized four Cameroonian spice extracts, namely Aframomum citratum, Dichrostachys glomerata, Tetrapleura tetraptera, and Xylopia parviflora through reverse phase-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analyses and investigated their antioxidant and synergistic anti-inflammatory activities in human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) and gastric epithelial (GES-1) cells. The extracts showed a high amount of total phenolic (TPC: 150–290 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of extract) and flavonoid content (TFC: 35–115 mg catechin equivalents (CE)/g of extract) with antioxidant properties in a cell-free system (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50s) ≤ 45 µg/mL; 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50s) ≤ 29 µg/mL. The extracts in combination (MIX) exert a synergistic beneficial effect (combination index (CIs) < 1 and dose reduction index (DRIs) > 1) on inflammatory markers (interleukin (IL)-8 and -6 release, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) driven transcription) in human gastric epithelial cells, which may result from the presence of phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids) or other compounds (protein, lipid, aromatic, and polysaccharide compounds) tentatively identified in the extracts. The general findings of the present study provide supporting evidence on the chemical composition of four Cameroonian dietary plants and their significant synergistic inhibitory activities on inflammatory markers of gastric epithelial cells.

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Cameroonian Spice Extracts Modulate Molecular Mechanisms Relevant to Cardiometabolic Diseases in SW 872 Human Liposarcoma Cells

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Polyphenol-Rich Extracts of Xylopia and Aframomum Species Show Metabolic Benefits by Lowering Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Polyphenol-Rich Extracts of Xylopia and Aframomum Species Show Metabolic Benefits by Lowering Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Nutraceutical alternatives to red yeast rice extract/monacolin K for moderate hypercholesterolaemia: Current evidence and knowledge gaps: Nutraceuticals and hypercholesterolaemia

Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Characterization of Edible Plants Exerting Synergistic Effects in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells

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