Camellia nanningensis sp. nov.: the earliest fossil wood record of the genus Camellia (Theaceae) from East Asia

Huang, Liuqin; Jin, Jianhua; Quan, Cheng; Oskolski, Alexei A.

doi:10.1007/s10265-016-0846-8

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Moreover, all fossils selected here are absent in the analyses using plastid genome data and nuclear ribosomal high-copy regions for the family Theaceae, which suggested relatively late crown ages of Camellia (6.8, 3.8-10.8 in Yu et al [2017]; 21.6, 16.7-28 in Yan et al [2021]). By contrast, some of the fossil records in Camellia used here (Suzuki & Terada, 1996;Li et al, 2003;Huang et al, 2016) may be earlier than those ages estimated.…”

Section: Origin and Diversification Of Camelliacontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…(sect. Thea ) because of the “rays with equally wide multiseriate and uniseriate portions” (Huang et al, 2016), was selected to constrain the common stem age of sections Thea and Theopsis with the mean at 25.56 Ma and a 95% confidence interval of 23.23–28.12 Ma. Additionally, the fruit and seed fossils of Gordonia warmanensis Grote & Dilcher found in western Kentucky and Tennessee, USA from the middle Eocene (47.8–38.0 Ma; Grote & Dilcher, 1992) resembled Polyspora based on their morphology, so this species was selected to constrain the stem age of Polyspora with the mean at 42.91 Ma and a 95% confidence interval of 38.55–47.75 Ma.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetics of global Camellia (Theaceae) based on three nuclear regions and its implications for systematics and evolutionary history

Zhao

Hodkinson

Parnell

2022

J of Sytematics Evolution

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Camellia contains tea, oil camellia, and camellias which benefit people globally. Its infrageneric classification is, however, controversial and unstable, and former phylogenetic analyses failed to yield robust and consistent trees. Here, we aimed to reconstruct a robust phylogenetic tree, date all clades and discuss the evolutionary history of Camellia. Emphasizing the taxonomically comprehensive sampling rather than more DNA data, orthologous nuclear RPB2 introns 11-15 and 23, and waxy were sequenced for 99 taxa of Camellia to reconstruct its phylogenetic history. Ten clades are identified in Camellia: Camellia II, Camelliopsis, Corallina, Furfuracea, Heterogenea, Paracamellia, Piquetia, Stereocarpus, Thea and Yellow camellias II. Camellia grijsii and C. shensiensis are not closely related with other oil camellias that form the clade Paracamellia. Sections Camelliopsis and Theopsis together form the clade Camelliopsis, while clade Furfuracea consists of sect. Furfuracea and C. hongkongensis. Camellia connata is separated from C. lanceolata but nested in the clade Heterogenea, and C. longissima is nested in the clade Thea, suggesting a new germplasm for tea breeding. Molecular dating using four fossil calibration points suggests that the crown age of Camellia is 39.5 Ma with clade Corallina probably the earliest infrageneric clade to diversify and the most widespread clade, Paracamellia, the latest. Our findings provide new insights into the phylogenetic relationships, systematics and evolutionary history of Camellia.

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Section: Origin and Diversification Of Camelliacontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetics of global Camellia (Theaceae) based on three nuclear regions and its implications for systematics and evolutionary history

Zhao

Hodkinson

Parnell

2022

J of Sytematics Evolution

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“…The upper part of the formation is dated to the late Oligocene based on Anthracotherium changlingensis Zhao, Anthracokeryx kwangsiensis Qiu, and Heothema sp mammal fossil assemblages [ 72 ]. In recent years, a large number of plant fossils have been reported from the upper part of the Yongning Formation at the Santang fossil site, including three-dimensionally preserved fruits and wood [ 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structurally Preserved Liquidambar Infructescences, Associated Pollen, and Leaves from the Late Oligocene of the Nanning Basin, South China

Xu,

Maslova,

Kodrul

et al. 2024

Plants

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Liquidambar L. is a significant constituent of the Cenozoic flora in the Northern Hemisphere. Currently, this genus exhibits a discontinuous distribution across Asia and North America, with the center of diversity being in southeastern Asia. This study presents the first occurrence of Liquidambar in the Oligocene of South China. Fossil sweetgum infructescences, associated pollen, and leaves have been found in the Nanning Basin, Guangxi. A new species, Liquidambar nanningensis sp. nov., is described based on the morphological and anatomical characteristics of three-dimensionally preserved infructescences. The Liquidambar fossils from the Nanning Basin show a combination of features indicative of the former genera of Altingiaceae, Altingia, Liquidambar s. str., and Semiliquidambar. The new occurrence expands the taxonomic and morphological diversity of the Paleogene Liquidambar species in South China.

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“…In China, such secondary center or the second center of origin of tea is mainly refers to areas in southwest China, the Yangtze River area, the three gorges region. In one word, people will tend to unify the origin of tea tree center and secondary center as a whole, and call the southwest China is the origin area of the tea plants (Huang et al, 2016).…”

Section: Origin Of Teamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tea and Tea Product Diversification: A Review

Zohora¹,

Arefin²

2022

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Tea is the most consumed drink after water as well as is one of the prevalent and the cheapest beverage which consumed globally. Tea is considered a healthy beverage due to the presence of several antioxidants and minerals such as potassium, magnesium, calcium & manganese. Different kinds of teas are manufactured in different countries based on taste, habit and culture of the people. Normally, tea can be categorized into three groups: green tea (unfermented), Oolong tea (partially fermented) and black tea (fully fermented) based on tea processing. Tea is a rich source of polyphenols and now-a-days interest in the possible health benefits of polyphenols, particularly flavonoids, has increased owing to their antioxidant and free-radical scavenging abilities. The rising demand of tea is considered one of the significant components for the worldwide beverage market growth. Tea industry makes a vital contribution to the economy of the respective tea producing countries like China, Japan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Kenya etc. At the present time with the rising demand of tea it is needed to emphasize for exploring alternative means of increasing profits from tea cultivation. The tea market price is low in Different countries like Srilanka, India, Bangladesh, Kenya etc. comprises with high cost of production. For this reason, there is no alternatives rather than product diversification of tea through value addition which can be an important approach to mitigate the impacts of low market price and high production costs. This review broadly focuses on the issues leading to the development of wide range of tea and tea product diversification. This paper is also associated health benefits with different types of tea, nutraceutical beverage, confectionary items, toiletries and cosmeceuticals which being commercialized in different parts of the world which are gaining consumer acceptance and also face the challenges of global marketing by tea industries that’s are described in this paper.

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Camellia nanningensis sp. nov.: the earliest fossil wood record of the genus Camellia (Theaceae) from East Asia

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Phylogenetics of global Camellia (Theaceae) based on three nuclear regions and its implications for systematics and evolutionary history

Phylogenetics of global Camellia (Theaceae) based on three nuclear regions and its implications for systematics and evolutionary history

Structurally Preserved Liquidambar Infructescences, Associated Pollen, and Leaves from the Late Oligocene of the Nanning Basin, South China

Tea and Tea Product Diversification: A Review

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