Cambio de paradigma en el tratamiento del alcoholismo de baja gravedad

Guardia-Serecigni, Josep

doi:10.20882/adicciones.126

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…35,36 Sin embargo, en los servicios de salud no se contaba con este medicamento para la dependencia alcohó-lica ni tampoco los interesados (consumidores y familiares) buscaron orientación con el personal de salud.…”

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¡Ya no sé ni qué hacer!: barreras para la búsqueda de atención de las necesidades derivadas del consumo de alcohol

Gómez

Rey

Monreal

et al. 2015

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BackgroundThis paper analyzes the main barriers to seeking health care and the regulation of alcohol abusers and their relatives in a rural community. ObjectiveWas to analyze the metaphors and dilemmas of alcohol consumers and their families regarding their health needs, seeking care, the implementation of regulation and the obstacles they face in a rural community in Mexico. MethodThis is a qualitative case study, involving ethnography, focus groups and semi-structured interviews. ResultsHow that people view alcohol abuse as a problem until an addiction occurs and are torn between regarding it as a "vice" or a disease. Seeking care is hampered by tolerance towards consumption, ignorance of how to proceed, fear of "gossip" in a context of weak regulation and treatment options, where consumption is socio-culturally encouraged. Discussion and conclusionThat the meanings and dilemmas faced by actors in the search for health care and the regulation of alcohol sales constitute barriers to which the health system must respond in an integral fashion.Key words: Access to health care, alcohol abuse, metaphors, dilemmas. RESUMEN AntecedentesEn el presente trabajo se analizan las principales barreras que impiden la búsqueda de ayuda médica y la regulación que viven tanto las personas que abusan del alcohol como sus familiares en una comunidad rural. ObjetivoAnalizar las metáforas y los dilemas de las personas consumidoras de alcohol y sus familiares, en cuanto a sus necesidades de salud, búsqueda de atención, aplicación de la regulación y los obstáculos a los que se enfrentan. MétodoEs un estudio de caso, con metodología cualitativa: etnografía, grupos focales y entrevistas semiestructuradas. ResultadosÉstos muestran que los actores consideran el abuso de alcohol como un problema hasta que se presenta una adicción y se debaten entre considerarlo un "vicio" o una enfermedad. La búsqueda de atención está obstaculizada por la tolerancia hacia la ingestión de alcohol por parte de los consumidores, así como de los familiares, el desconocimiento sobre la manera de proceder y el temor al "chisme". Todo esto, en un contexto de escasa regulación y opciones de tratamiento, donde el consumo se propicia socioculturalmente. Discusión y conclusiónLos significados y los dilemas a que se enfrentan los actores para la búsqueda de atención en salud y la regulación de la venta de alcohol, representan barreras de acceso a la atención a las cuales debe responder el sistema de salud de manera integral.Palabras clave: Acceso a la atención en salud, dilemas, metáforas, abuso del consumo de alcohol.

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¡Ya no sé ni qué hacer!: barreras para la búsqueda de atención de las necesidades derivadas del consumo de alcohol

Gómez

Rey

Monreal

et al. 2015

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Harm reduction -a systematic review on effects of alcohol reduction on physical and mental symptoms

2016

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Based on the knowledge that alcohol misuse causes a multitude of diseases and increased mortality, this systematic review examines whether a reduction of the individual alcohol consumption can contribute to a minimization of health risks within a harm reduction approach. In fact, the reviewed 63 studies indicate that interventions aiming at alcohol reduction (including total abstinence as one possible therapeutic aim) indeed resulted in or were associated with positive effects in harmful, hazardous or alcohol-dependent drinkers. Major benefits were observed for reducing alcohol-associated injuries, recovery of ventricular heart function in alcoholic cardiomyopathy, blood pressure lowering, normalization of biochemical parameter, body weight reduction, histological improvement in pre-cirrhotic alcohol-related liver disease and slowed progression of an already existing alcohol-attributable liver fibrosis. Furthermore, reduced withdrawal symptoms, prevalence of psychiatric episodes and duration of in-patient hospital days, improvement of anxiety and depression symptoms, self-confidence, physical and mental quality of life, fewer alcohol-related adverse consequences as well as lower psychosocial stress levels and better social functioning can result from reduced alcohol intake. The reviewed literature demonstrated remarkable socioeconomic cost benefits in areas such as the medical health-care system or workforce productivity. Individuals with heightened vulnerability further benefit significantly from alcohol reduction (e.g. hypertension, hepatitis C, psychiatric co-morbidities, pregnancy, but also among adolescents and young adults). Concluding, the reviewed studies strongly support and emphasize the importance and benefits of early initial screening for problematic alcohol use followed by brief and other interventions in first contact medical health-care facilities to reduce alcohol intake.

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Cambio de paradigma en el tratamiento del alcoholismo de baja gravedad

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

¡Ya no sé ni qué hacer!: barreras para la búsqueda de atención de las necesidades derivadas del consumo de alcohol

¡Ya no sé ni qué hacer!: barreras para la búsqueda de atención de las necesidades derivadas del consumo de alcohol

Harm reduction -a systematic review on effects of alcohol reduction on physical and mental symptoms

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