Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE)

Reynolds, Tom; Thornicroft, Graham; Abas, Melanie; Woods, Bob; Hoe, Juanita; Leese, Morven; Orrell, Martin

doi:10.1192/bjp.176.5.444

Cited by 282 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…informal or formal care) ensures that the need is met. The instrument has good reliability and validity (Reynolds et al, 2000). In this study, the person with dementia, the informal carer, and a trained researcher completed the CANE at baseline.…”

Section: Needs Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Needs and quality of life of people with middle-stage dementia and their family carers from the European Actifcare study. When informal care alone may not suffice

Kerpershoek

Vugt

Wolfs

et al. 2017

Aging & Mental Health

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Objective: The Actifcare (Access to timely formal care) study investigated needs of people with dementia and their families during the phase in which formal care is being considered, and examined whether higher need levels are related to lower quality of life (QOL). Method: From eight European countries 451 people with dementia and their carers participated. Needs were measured with the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly. QOL was measured with the QOL-AD, and carer quality of life was measured with the CarerQol. The relationship between needs and QOL was analysed with multiple regression analyses. Results: Needs were expressed in the domains of psychological distress, daytime activities, company and information. People with dementia rated their unmet needs significantly lower than their carers: the mean number of self-rated unmet needs was 0.95, whereas the mean proxy ratings were 1.66. For met needs, the self-rated mean was 5.5 and was 8 when proxy-rated. The level of needs reported was negatively associated with QOL for both. Conclusion:The study results show that informal carers reported almost twice as many needs as people with dementia. The domains in which needs are expressed should be the primary focus for interventions to support QOL. The perspectives of people with dementia are informative when identifying needs.

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Section: Needs Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Needs and quality of life of people with middle-stage dementia and their family carers from the European Actifcare study. When informal care alone may not suffice

Kerpershoek

Vugt

Wolfs

et al. 2017

Aging & Mental Health

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“…Functioning was assessed using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS II, 12-item version), which measures 6 domains: understanding and communicating, getting around, self-care, getting along with others, household and work activities, and participation in society (23). Social service needs such as assistance with housing, finances, legal problems, adult protective services, medical coordination, and transportation were assessed with the 17-item Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE) (24).…”

Section: Other Baseline Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients' Depression Treatment Preferences and Initiation, Adherence, and Outcome: A Randomized Primary Care Study

Raue¹,

Schulberg²,

Heo³

et al. 2009

Psychiatric Services

131

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Objective-We examined the association of treatment preferences with treatment initiation, adherence, and clinical outcome among depressed mid-life and elderly primary care patients.Methods-60 primary care participants meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depression were randomized to receive treatment congruent or incongruent with their primary stated preference. Participants received either 20 weeks of escitalopram as monitored by a care manager, or 12 weekly sessions of interpersonal psychotherapy followed by 2 monthly booster sessions. Adherence to treatment and depression severity were reassessed at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 24.Results-Participants expressed stronger preferences for psychotherapy than antidepressant medication. Preference strength was a more sensitive measure of outcomes than congruence versus incongruence of preference with the assigned treatment. Across age groups, preference strength was significantly associated with treatment initiation and 12-week adherence rate, but not with depression severity or remission.Conclusions-A continuous measure of preference strength may be a more useful measure in clinical practice than preferences per se. Future research should focus on whether and how greater facilitation of the patient-clinician treatment decision-making process influences clinical outcome.Treatments of depression in primary care settings are effective yet most depressed adults (1), particularly older ones (2), do not receive appropriate care. Even when guideline-based treatments are provided, patients often do not fully participate in them. Not surprisingly, therefore, randomized clinical trials have reported substantially poorer outcomes for "intent to treat" than "treatment completer" cohorts (3), indicating a need for strategies that maximize treatment participation.A patient's decision not to initiate or complete treatment may stem from disappointment or dissatisfaction with the treatment offered by the clinician. While medications are the predominant intervention offered depressed primary care patients, 50%-86% of them prefer a psychosocial intervention (4-7). Thus, many patients conceivably refuse treatment offered in primary care because psychotherapy is not an available option.In psychiatric outpatient settings, treatment preferences have been addressed through "negotiated treatment plans" whereby clinicians elicit patient requests and encourage their participation in treatment planning. Patient reports of greater participation in such negotiations have been associated with greater levels of satisfaction, sense of feeling helped, and adherence to treatment plans (8,9). Studies of mid-life patients in the primary care sector have endorsed the value of a negotiated treatment plan and the importance of patients playing active rather than passive roles in formulating it. Such participation enhances the patient's likelihood of initiating treatment and his/her satisfaction with it (10-12).Despite these benefits, the few studies examining treatment negotiation and clinical outcome have...

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“…the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE; Reynolds et al, 2000)) Ensure that a detailed inspection of the social environment is conducted as an integral part of the assessment 1. As regards home assessments: a the Audit Commission has endorsed them as a sign of good practice b their provision is accurately reflected by consultant domiciliary visit returns collected by local health authorities c their provision is affected by many other service provision variables d the multi-disciplinary way of working is well defined e development of the domiciliary assessment service must consider adequate increase in staffing.…”

Section: Box 2 Good Practice For Home Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home assessments in old age psychiatry

Richardson¹,

Orrell²

2002

Adv. psychiatr. treat

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“For people to be successfully supported at home, a comprehensive assessment is an essential first step.” (Audit Commission, 2000: p. 43.)Home visits by old age psychiatrists remain popular with elderly patients, their carers and general practitioners (GPs). Home assessments by various disciplines working with older people have been endorsed as a sign of good practice by the Audit Commission (2000) in their recent national report on mental health services for older people: “Assessment at home is often better as people are most likely to behave and communicate in their normal way in familiar surroundings. Staff can also build a more accurate picture of people's needs and learn the views of their carers. Professionals can observe whether there is adequate food in the house, whether people can make themselves a hot drink, and whether there are any likely risks from poor hygiene or fire hazards.” (Audit Commission, 2000: p. 43.)

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Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE)

Abstract: The psychometric properties of the CANE seem to be highly acceptable. It was easily used by a wide range of professionals without formal training.

Cited by 282 publications

References 24 publications

Needs and quality of life of people with middle-stage dementia and their family carers from the European Actifcare study. When informal care alone may not suffice

Needs and quality of life of people with middle-stage dementia and their family carers from the European Actifcare study. When informal care alone may not suffice

Patients' Depression Treatment Preferences and Initiation, Adherence, and Outcome: A Randomized Primary Care Study

Home assessments in old age psychiatry

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