Calycosin and formononetin from astragalus root enhance dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 and nitric oxide synthase expressions in Madin Darby Canine Kidney II cells

Bai, Fan; Makino, Toshiaki; Kono, Keita; Nagatsu, Akito; Ono, Takahiko; Mizukami, Hajime

doi:10.1007/s11418-013-0749-0

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Furthermore, we also found that the expression of eNOS and nNOS reduced, and the expression of iNOS increased after the administration of Astragalus root extract. The neuronal NOS levels were elevated by the treatment of calycosin and formononetin, which were the active ingredients of Astragalus root [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astragalus root extract inhibits retinal cell apoptosis and repairs damaged retinal neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity

Liu

Wang²,

Sun

et al. 2019

Cell Cycle

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Since the functions of Astragalus root extract in retinopathy remain to be unraveled, this study is performed to elucidate whether Astragalus root extract functions in retinal cell apoptosis and angiogenesis in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Newborn mice were selected for establishing mice models of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), which were treated with high-, medium-or low-Astragalus root extract. Evans Blue (EB) was perfused to detect the blood retinal barrier. Additionally, the vascular morphology, number of endothelial cell nuclei of neovascularization, proliferation of blood vessels, ultrastructural changes were determined via a series of assays. Moreover, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression of other factors such as VEGF, PEDF, IGF-1, HIF-1α, Bax, Bcl-2, eNOS, nNOS, and iNOS were detected. Astragalus root extract was found to protect blood-retinal barrier in the OIR model mice through repairing the structure and morphology of retina, inhibiting ROS production, retinal cell apoptosis, as well as improving retinal vascular angiogenesis. Astragalus root extract was also found to decrease VEGF and HIF-1α expression, but enhance PEDF and IGF-1 expression in the OIR model mice, thereby protecting retinas in ROP. This study highlights that Astragalus root extract is able to suppress retinal cell apoptosis and repair damaged retinal neovascularization in ROP, which provides basis for ROP therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astragalus root extract inhibits retinal cell apoptosis and repairs damaged retinal neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity

Liu

Wang²,

Sun

et al. 2019

Cell Cycle

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“…Then, MTT dye solutions (Affymetrix, USA) were applied for 4 h at 37°C, followed by the addition of 150 μl DMSO (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) to dissolve the purple formazan. The ODs of the lysates were measured at 570 nm, with a reference absorbance at 630 nm [10].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calycosin Ameliorates Diabetes-Induced Renal Inflammation via the NF-κB Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo

et al. 2019

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BackgroundDiabetic nephropathy (DN), which is one of the primary causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is increasingly diagnosed in patients due to the continuous increase in the prevalence of diabetic mellitus (DM). Astragali Radix, a traditional Chinese herb, is widely administrated to ameliorate the symptoms of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy, but its mechanism is still not yet fully defined. Calycosin (C16H12O5) is the major active component of Astragali Radix. In this study, we analyzed the role of calycosin in diabetic nephropathy and explored its underlying mechanism.Material/MethodsCell activation, inflammatory cytokines expression and secretion, and protein levels were analyzed in cultured mouse tubular epithelial cells (mTEC). db/db mice were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/(kg·d) calycosin or control saline for 4 weeks, followed by analysis of structure injury, inflammation, and NF-κB signaling activity.ResultsOur results indicated that TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly induced by advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), but calycosin remarkably reduced the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the cultured mouse tubular epithelial cells (mTEC). Calycosin effectively alleviated kidney injury in diabetic kidneys of db/db mice during the progression of diabetic renal injury, indicated by the reduction of histological injury and immunohistochemical of inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, we identified calycosin inhibited diabetes-induced inflammation in kidneys by suppressing the phosphorylation of IKBα and NF-κB p65 in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsCalycosin significantly ameliorated diabetes-induced renal inflammation in diabetic renal injury by inhibition of the NF-κB-dependent signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.

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“…The total flavonoids of A. mongholicus are the active components, which benefit cardiovascular disease attributed to the potent antioxidant activity in improving the atherosclerosis profile [96]. Isoflavones, calycosin and formononetin from the Astragalus root, could promote dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-2 protein and mRNA expressions in Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) II cells, and up regulate the neuronal nitric oxide synthase levels [97]. Astragaloside IV could prolong the action potential duration of guinea-pig ventricular myocytes, which might be explained by its inhibition of K + currents [98].…”

Section: Biological Activities Of the Astragalus Genusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Recent Research Progress on the Astragalus Genus

Li¹,

Qu²,

Dong³

et al. 2014

Molecules

238

148

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Astragalus L., is one of the largest genuses of flowering plants in the Leguminosae family. Roots of A. membranaceus Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao, A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. and its processed products are listed in the China Pharmacopeia for "qi deficiency" syndrome treatment. However, more and more researches on other species of Astragalus have been conducted recently. We summarize the recent researches of Astragalus species in phytochemistry and pharmacology. More than 200 constituents, including saponins and flavonoids, obtained from 46 species of Astragalus genus were collected for this article. In pharmacological studies, crude extracts of Astragalus, as well as isolated constituents showed anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant, antioxidative, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and antiviral activities. The goal of this article is to provide an overview of chemical and pharmacological studies on the Astragalus species over the last 10 years, which could be of value to new drug or food supplement research and development. OPEN ACCESS

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Calycosin and formononetin from astragalus root enhance dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 and nitric oxide synthase expressions in Madin Darby Canine Kidney II cells

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Astragalus root extract inhibits retinal cell apoptosis and repairs damaged retinal neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity

Astragalus root extract inhibits retinal cell apoptosis and repairs damaged retinal neovascularization in retinopathy of prematurity

Calycosin Ameliorates Diabetes-Induced Renal Inflammation via the NF-κB Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo

A Review of Recent Research Progress on the Astragalus Genus

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