Calving flux estimation from tsunami waves

Minowa, Masahiro; Podolskiy, Evgeny A.; Jouvet, Guillaume; Weidmann, Yvo; Sakakibara, Daiki; Tsutaki, Shun; Genco, Riccardo; Sugiyama, Shin

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.03.023

Cited by 25 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…7b). Similar values were found recently at other tidewater glaciers (Minowa et al, 2019;Walter et al, 2019). This implies and confirms recent studies that water temperature is the main driver of frontal ablation through underwater melting and thermal undercutting, which in consequence controls subaerial calving (Bartholomaus et al, 2013;Luckman et al, 2015;Vallot et al, 2018;How et al, 2019;Mercenier et al, 2019).…”

Section: Applicability and Opportunities Of Seismic Calving Quantificsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In agreement with previous studies (Chapuis and Tetzlaff, 2014;Pętlicki and Kinnard, 2016), calving event size distribution can be best fitted by a log-normal or power-law distribution, but the latter only for volumes larger than 5000 m 3 . In contrast to Minowa et al (2019), an exponential model does not explain the observed calving size distribution at Kronebreen. We also confirm that inter-event intervals do not seem to follow exponential or power-law models (Chapuis and Tetzlaff, 2014;Pętlicki and Kinnard, 2016) and that using Weibull and lognormal distribution results in better fits.…”

Section: Measurementcontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…However, inferring ice volumes from those signals using physical models is challenging (Podolskiy and Walter, 2016;Aster and Winberry, 2017). For example, it requires different approaches dependent on the calving style, i.e., for glacial earthquake signals from buoyancydriven nontabular iceberg calving such as observed in Greenland (e.g., Murray et al, 2015;Sergeant et al, 2019) or for seismic calving signals generated during iceberg-sea or lake surface interactions (Bartholomaus et al, 2012). For the first calving style, a physical model has been recently presented by Sergeant et al (2019), who used a seismo-mechanical coupling approach to infer calving volumes from glacial earthquakes based on a catalog of contact forces computed for an iceberg capsize numerical model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Bartholomaus et al (2015) developed an empirical model to estimate iceberg volumes from individual seismic calving signals at Yahtse Glacier, Alaska, based upon visually perceived iceberg sizes (quantified on an integer scale). Minowa et al (2019) used calving-generated tsunami signals for estimating calving volumes at Bowdoin Glacier, Greenland, where the empirical model was calibrated with ice volumes from high-resolution DEMs derived from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry. For a similar approach used at Perito Moreno glacier, Patagonia, calving sizes were estimated from calving areas visible on time-lapse camera images (Minowa et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of calving to frontal ablation quantified from seismic and hydroacoustic observations calibrated with lidar volume measurements

Köhler

Pętlicki²,

Lefeuvre

et al. 2019

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. Frontal ablation contributes significantly to the mass balance of tidewater glaciers in Svalbard and can be recovered with high temporal resolution using continuous seismic records. Determination of the relative contribution of dynamic ice loss through calving to frontal ablation requires precise estimates of calving volumes at the same temporal resolution. We combine seismic and hydroacoustic observations close to the calving front of Kronebreen, a marine-terminating glacier in Svalbard, with repeat lidar scanning of the glacier front. Simultaneous time-lapse photography is used to assign volumes measured from lidar scans to seismically detected calving events. Empirical models derived from signal properties such as integrated amplitude are able to replicate volumes of individual calving events and cumulative subaerial ice loss over different lidar scan intervals from seismic and hydroacoustic data alone. This enables quantification of the contribution of calving to frontal ablation, which we estimate for Kronebreen to be about 18 %–30 %, slightly below the subaerially exposed area of the glacier front. We further develop a model calibrated for the permanent seismic Kings Bay station (KBS) at about 15 km distance from the glacier front, where 15 %–60 % of calving events can be detected under variable noise conditions due to reduced signal amplitudes at distance. Between 2007 and 2017, we find a 5 %–30 % contribution of calving ice blocks to frontal ablation, which emphasizes the importance of underwater melting (roughly 4–9 m d−1). This study shows the feasibility to seismically monitor not only frontal ablation rates but also the dynamic ice loss contribution continuously and at high temporal resolution.

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Section: Applicability and Opportunities Of Seismic Calving Quantificsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Measurementcontrasting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Contribution of calving to frontal ablation quantified from seismic and hydroacoustic observations calibrated with lidar volume measurements

Köhler

Pętlicki²,

Lefeuvre

et al. 2019

The Cryosphere

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“…By contrast, terrestrial SfM-MVS (Mallalieu et al, 2017) permits continuous monitoring but suffers from high uncertainty with shape reconstruction and volume estimation. This emphasizes the complementary nature of aerial and terrestrial approaches to reliably quantify the volume and frequency of calving events over long time periods (e.g., Minowa et al, 2019).…”

Section: Calving Volumes At Eqip Sermiamentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Endurance UAV for Monitoring Calving Glaciers: Application to the Inglefield Bredning and Eqip Sermia, Greenland

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry has become an important tool for generating multi-temporal, high-resolution ortho-images and digital elevation models (DEMs) to study glaciers and their dynamics. In polar regions, the roughness of the terrain, strong katabatic winds, unreliability of compass readings, and inaccessibility due to lack of infrastructure pose unique challenges for UAV surveying. To overcome these issues, we developed an open-source, low-cost, high-endurance, fixed-wing UAV equipped with GPS post-processed kinematic for the monitoring of ice dynamics and calving activity at several remote tidewater glaciers located in Greenland. Our custom-built UAV is capable of flying for up to 3 h or 180 km and is able to produce high spatial resolution (0.25-0.5 m per pixel), accurately geo-referenced (1-2 pixels) ortho-images and DEMs. We used our UAV to perform repeat surveys of six calving glacier termini in north-west in July 2017 and of Eqip Sermia glacier, west Greenland, in July 2018. The endurance of our UAV enabled us to map the termini of up to four tidewater glaciers in one flight and to infer the displacement and calving activity of Eqip Sermia at short (105 min) timescale. Our study sheds light on the potential of long-range UAVs for continuously monitoring marine-terminating glaciers, enabling short-term processes, such as the tidal effects on the ice dynamics, short-lived speed-up events, and the ice fracturing responsible for calving to be investigated at unprecedented resolution.

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Case study of combined marine‐ and land‐based passive seismic surveying in front of Nordenskiöldbreen outlet glacier, Adolfbukta, Svalbard

Stemland,

Ruud,

Johansen

2023

Near Surface Geophysics

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Glaciers generate seismic waves due to calving and fracturing, and recording and following event classification can be used to monitor glacier dynamics. Our aim with this study is to analyze seismic data acquired at the seabed and on land in front of Nordenskiöldbreen on Svalbard during 8 days in October 2020. The survey included 27 ocean bottom nodes, each equipped with three geophones and a hydrophone, and 101 land‐based geophones. The resulting data contain numerous seismic P‐, S‐, and Scholte wave events throughout the study period, as well as non‐seismic gravity waves. The recording quality strongly depends on receiver type and location, especially for the latter wave types. Our results demonstrate that hydrophones at the seabed are advantageous to record gravity waves, and that Scholte waves are only recorded close to the glacier. The Scholte waves are used to estimate the near‐surface S‐wave profile of the seabed sediments, and the gravity wave amplitudes are converted to wave height at the surface. We further discuss possible source mechanisms for the recorded events and present evidence that waves from earthquakes, calving, and brittle fracturing of the glacier and icebergs are all represented in the data. The interpretation is based on frequency content, duration, seismic velocities, and onset (emergent/impulsive), and supported by source localization which we show is challenging for this dataset. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the potential of using seismic for detecting glacier‐related events and provides valuable knowledge about the importance of survey geometry, particularly the advantages of including seabed receivers in the vicinity of the glacier.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Calving flux estimation from tsunami waves

Cited by 25 publications

References 36 publications

Contribution of calving to frontal ablation quantified from seismic and hydroacoustic observations calibrated with lidar volume measurements

Contribution of calving to frontal ablation quantified from seismic and hydroacoustic observations calibrated with lidar volume measurements

High-Endurance UAV for Monitoring Calving Glaciers: Application to the Inglefield Bredning and Eqip Sermia, Greenland

Case study of combined marine‐ and land‐based passive seismic surveying in front of Nordenskiöldbreen outlet glacier, Adolfbukta, Svalbard

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