Calretinin and calbindin in the retina of the developing chick

Ellis, J. H.; Richards, Donald E.; Rogers, J. H.

doi:10.1007/bf00313956

Cited by 109 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The blots were visualized by Blots with CR showed a major band at an estimated molecular weight of 29 kD, similar to the measurement in chick (Hack et al, 2000). CB, PV, and GAD blots also yielded single bands at estimated molecular weights of 28 kD (Ellis et al, 1991), 15 kD (Celio, 1990Lohmann and Friauf, 1996) and 65-67 kD (Sloviter and Nilaver, 1987), respectively ( Fig. 1).…”

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confidence: 69%

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Calcium‐binding protein immunoreactivity characterizes the auditory system of Gekko gecko

Yang

Tang

Carr

2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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Geckos use vocalizations for intraspecific communication, but little is known about the organization of their central auditory system. We therefore used antibodies against the calciumbinding proteins calretinin (CR), parvalbumin (PV), and calbindin-D28k (CB) to characterize the gecko auditory system. We also examined expression of both glutamic acid decarboxlase (GAD) and synaptic vesicle protein (SV2). Western blots showed that these antibodies are specific to gecko brain. All three calcium-binding proteins were expressed in the auditory nerve, and CR immunoreactivity labeled the first-order nuclei and delineated the terminal fields associated with the ascending projections from the first-order auditory nuclei. PV expression characterized the superior olivary nuclei, whereas GAD immunoreactivity characterized many neurons in the nucleus of the lateral lemniscus and some neurons in the torus semicircularis. In the auditory midbrain, the distribution of CR, PV, and CB characterized divisions within the central nucleus of the torus semicircularis. All three calcium-binding proteins were expressed in nucleus medialis of the thalamus. These expression patterns are similar to those described for other vertebrates.Keywords cochlear nucleus; magnocellularis; laminaris; angularis; torus Over 30 years have passed since Foster and Hall (1978) reported that the ascending auditory pathways of the iguana resemble both the mammalian and the avian auditory pathways, from the level of the first-order neurons in the VIIIth nerve to the telencephalon. They recognized a basic plan for the organization of the auditory system in terrestrial vertebrates but also pointed out that the auditory capacities of the lizards were largely unknown. We now know more about the peripheral (Manley, 1990;Wever, 1978) and central (for reviews see Carr, 1992;Grothe et al., 2005;ten Donkelaar et al., 1987) auditory systems of lizards, but still know little about central auditory processing. We have therefore used Gekko gecko for further analysis of the lizard central auditory system.Geckos are auditory specialists that use vocalizations for intraspecific communication (Marcellini, 1977;Tang et al., 2001). Their ears differ from those of other reptiles such as archosaurs and turtles. Lepidosaur ears are highly directional, with middle ears connected through the mouth cavity (Christensen-Dalsgaard and Manley, 2008). This patent connection enhances the directionality of the ear by allowing sound access to both sides of NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript each tympanic membrane. The acoustically coupled ear creates directional responses from the tympanum Manley, 2005, 2008). Additionally, lizards have independently evolved micromechanical hair cell tuning, permitting emergence of sensitive high-frequency hearing in a specialized region of the papilla (Manley, 2002). Thus lizard auditory systems might reveal specializations for hearing high frequencies and sound localization.We have begun our analysis of liza...

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confidence: 69%

“…CB, PV, and GAD blots also yielded single bands at estimated molecular weights of 28 kD (Ellis et al, 1991), 15 kD (Celio, 1990;Lohmann and Friauf, 1996) and 65-67 kD (Sloviter and Nilaver, 1987), respectively (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Antibody Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Calcium‐binding protein immunoreactivity characterizes the auditory system of Gekko gecko

Yang

Tang

Carr

2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…We wanted to confirm that Lim1 and Prox1 cells were indeed HCs and therefore co-labelled them with antibodies directed towards GABA and calretinin, two well-known markers for HCs (da Costa Calaza et al, 2000;Ellis et al, 1991;Yazulla, 1986). At st44, we could find a perfect overlap of Lim1 and GABA at the level of the HCs (Fig.…”

Section: The Lim1-expressing Cells Are Both Gaba-and Calretininpositimentioning

confidence: 95%

Newborn horizontal cells migrate bi-directionally across the neuroepithelium during retinal development

Edqvist

Hallböök

2004

Development

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Cell migration plays an important role during the development of the retina. In this work we have studied the migration of newborn horizontal cells in avian embryonic retina. Using the pattern of the early expressed transcription factors Lim1 and Prox1 we have shown that horizontal cells migrate bi-directionally from their site of birth, close to the ventricular side, to the adjacent (vitreal) side of the neuroepithelium, where they align just next to the prospective ganglion cell layer before migrating back again to their final laminar position in the external part of the inner nuclear layer. The migration occurs between Hamburger and Hamilton stages 24 and 33,which is equivalent to embryonic day 4.5 and 8. Between stages 26 and 30 the horizontal cells reside close to the ganglion cell layer and intra ocular injections of a cytochalasin D, an actin polymerisation blocker that inhibit migration, at stage 29 interfered with the migration of the horizontal cells to their final destination. Furthermore, using biolistic gene transfer with a green fluorescence protein expression vector of retinal slices we were able to record ventricle-directed migration by time-lapse microscopy. Combining biolistics with immunohistochemistry we showed that transfected cells, which have also been translocated in a ventricular direction were positive for the horizontal cell markers Lim1 and Prox1. The alternative path of migration that is described in this work differs from the generally accepted one for horizontal cells and this knowledge will influence the view of how the molecular determination of horizontal cells is specified.

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“…Visinin is the avian homologue of mammalian recoverin and is expressed by all types of photoreceptors in the chick retina (Yamagata et al, 1990). Calretinin is normally expressed by most if not all horizontal and ganglion cells and many types of amacrine cells in the chick retina (Ellis et al, 1991;Fischer et al, 1999). Some of the cells that survived in culture were postmitotic neurons that expressed visinin or calretinin ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NeuroD induces the expression of visinin and calretinin by proliferating cells derived from toxin‐damaged chicken retina

Fischer

Wang

Reh

2004

Developmental Dynamics

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Calretinin and calbindin in the retina of the developing chick

Cited by 109 publications

References 41 publications

Calcium‐binding protein immunoreactivity characterizes the auditory system of Gekko gecko

Calcium‐binding protein immunoreactivity characterizes the auditory system of Gekko gecko

Newborn horizontal cells migrate bi-directionally across the neuroepithelium during retinal development

NeuroD induces the expression of visinin and calretinin by proliferating cells derived from toxin‐damaged chicken retina

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