Calprotectin, Calgranulin C, and Other Members of the S100 Protein Family in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Manolakis, Anastassios C.; Kapsoritakis, Andreas; Tiaka, Elisavet K.; Potamianos, Spyros

doi:10.1007/s10620-010-1494-9

Cited by 85 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(157 reference statements)

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“…We found a high number of calprotectin-expressing cells in areas of chronic inflammation. Similar observations regarding calprotectin expression were reported previously for IBD [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Differences in the expression of hepatocyte growth factor in acute and chronic bowel inflammation—Implications for diagnosis?

Lönn¹,

Nakka²,

Olsson³

et al. 2013

ABB

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Background: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) acts as an acute phase protein with regenerative properties. HGF is produced systemically and locally during inflammation but exhibits decreased binding affinity to heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG)/glycosaminoglycan during chronic inflammation. We previously observed a high faecal concentration and binding affinity of HGF to HSPG during acute gastroenteritis. High faecal concentrations of calprotectin and HGF have been reported in chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: Stool samples from patients with ulcerative colitis in remission (n = 11) or exacerbation (n = 5), microscopic colitis (n = 11), colon cancer (n = 6), or acute gastroenteritis caused by Clostridium difficile (n = 20), as well as healthy controls (n = 7), were analysed for the presence of HGF by ELISA, surface plasmon resonance, SDS-PAGE, and Western blot. Then in two patients with ulcerative colitis exacerbation and C. difficile infection, the expression of HGF and calprotectin was studied in colonic biopsies. Results: The faecal concentration of HGF was significantly higher in patients with ulcerative colitis compared to the other groups. The binding affinity to dextran was lower in all groups compared to acute inflammation. HGF receptor binding was similar across groups. In a patient with concomitant C. difficile infection and distal ulcerative colitis, HGF was highly expressed in the part of the bowel unaffected by ulcerative colitis, but no expression was found at the site of chronic inflammation. In the patient with total colitis the biopsies showed low expression of HGF. The areas with chronic inflammation exhibited infiltrating calprotectin-stained neutrophils. Conclusion: HGF is produced locally during inflammation of the bowel. The HGF produced during acute inflammation or exacerbations of chronic inflammation by the unaffected area shows binding affinity to glucosaminoglycans. Measuring HGF binding in faeces and biopsies may be a tool for differentiating between acute and chronic bowel inflammation, which should be assessed thoroughly in future studies.

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“…We found a high number of calprotectin-expressing cells in areas of chronic inflammation. Similar observations regarding calprotectin expression were reported previously for IBD [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Differences in the expression of hepatocyte growth factor in acute and chronic bowel inflammation—Implications for diagnosis?

Lönn¹,

Nakka²,

Olsson³

et al. 2013

ABB

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“…It is found in high concentration in the cytosol of neutrophils and is resistant to intestinal degradation for up to a week, thus distributed throughout the stool where it can be readily detected using standard enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) [8] . The normal range has been well defined as < 50 µg/g; levels < 20 µg/g are consistent with non-detectable calprotectin in faeces (FC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue mode does not offer any benefit over white light when calculating Lewis score in small-bowel capsule endoscopy

Koulaouzidis

Douglas²,

Plevris³

2012

WJGE

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AIM:To check the usefulness of blue mode (BM) review in lewis score (LS) calculation, by comparing it with respective LS results obtained by white light (WL) small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) review and mucosal inflammation as reflected by faecal calprotectin (FC) levels, considered as 'gold standard' for this study. METHODS:Computational analysis of our SBCE database to identify patients who underwent SBCE with PillCam ® and had FC measured within a 30-day period from their test. Only patients with prior colonoscopy were included, to exclude any colon pathology-associated FC rise. Each small bowel tertile was reviewed (viewing speed 8 fps) with WL and BM, in a back-toback mode, by a single experienced reviewer. LS were calculated after each WL and BM reviews. Pearson rank correlation (rho, r ) statistic was applied. RESULTS:Twenty-seven (n = 27, 20F/7M) patients were included. Thirteen (n = 13) had SBCE with PillCam CONCLUSION:Although BM is believed to enhance mucosal details i.e., small mucosal breaks, it did not perform better than WL in the calculation of LS in our cohort.

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“…In the diseases of the alimentary tract the S100A8/A9 complex ("faecal" calprotectin) has been recognized as a marker of acute inflammatory states and assumed to reflect activation of phagocytes [13]. Calgranulins are thought to be released from the cytoplasm of dead neutrophils and to penetrate liquid contents of an abscess [27] or the wall of the gastrointestinal tract so that they may be detected in stools [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The S100A8/A9 complex present in faeces ("faecal" calprotectin) was suggested to represent a marker of intestinal inflammatory conditions [5,13]. The presence of S100A8/S100A9 proteins was demonstrated by immunocytochemical (IHC) method in phagocytes of inflammatory infiltrates of small intestine [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue expression of S100 proteins in gallbladder mucosa of the patients with calculous cholecystitis

Szmyt¹,

Kasprzak²,

Malkowski³

et al. 2013

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Abstract:Proteins of S100 group, produced by phagocytes represent endogenous activators of innate immune responses. Role of these proteins in the etiopathogenesis of cholelithiasis remains unknown. The studies aimed at the morphometric evaluation of S100A8 and S100A9 protein expression in gallbladder mucosa in patients with acute and chronic calculous cholecystitis (n = 71). The presence of proteins was detected by immunohistochemistry while quantitative analysis employed the spatial visualization technique. We found the immunopositive expression of the two studied S100 proteins in neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages of the gallbladder's wall and a higher expression in acute cholecystitis. Quantitative study revealed higher immunoexpression of S100A9 over S100A8 in both studied groups of patients. Moreover, a reciprocal linear relationship between the expression of the studied proteins and a positive correlation between expression of either S100A8 or S100A9 and inflammatory activity (grading) in the gallbladder wall were found. The expression of S100A8 protein in the chronic cholecystitis group and in older patients correlated with leukocytosis, which suggests the role of S100A8 particularly at the chronic stage of cholecystitis. The obtained results indicated close relationship between S100A8 and S100A9 proteins in their proinflammatory functions. The increased expression of only one of them can be recognized as a useful index of local inflammatory activity in calculous cholecystitis.

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Calprotectin, Calgranulin C, and Other Members of the S100 Protein Family in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Cited by 85 publications

References 86 publications

Differences in the expression of hepatocyte growth factor in acute and chronic bowel inflammation—Implications for diagnosis?

Differences in the expression of hepatocyte growth factor in acute and chronic bowel inflammation—Implications for diagnosis?

Blue mode does not offer any benefit over white light when calculating Lewis score in small-bowel capsule endoscopy

Tissue expression of S100 proteins in gallbladder mucosa of the patients with calculous cholecystitis

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