Calorimetry

Abstract

In particle physics, calorimetry refers to the absorption of a particle and the transformation of its energy into a measurable signal related to the energy of the particle. In contrast to tracking a calorimetric measurement implies that the particle is completely absorbed and is thus no longer available for subsequent measurements. If the energy of the initial particle is much above the threshold of inelastic reactions between this particle and the detector medium, the energy loss process leads to a cascade of lower energy particles, in number commensurate with the incident energy. The charged particles in the shower ultimately lose their energy through the elementary processes mainly by ionization and atomic level excitation. The neutral components in the cascade (γ, n,..) contribute through processes described later in this section. The sum of the elementary losses builds up the calorimetric signal, which can be of ionization or of scintillation nature (or Cherenkov) or sometimes involve several types of response. While the definition of calorimetry applies to both the low energy case (no showering) and the high energy case (showering), this section deals mostly with the showering case. Examples of calorimetry without showering are discussed in Sect. 6.2.3.

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“…alorimetry refers to the absorption of a particle and the transformation of its energy into a measurable signal related to the energy of the particle [1]. A calorimetric measurement requires that the particle is completely absorbed and is thus no longer available for subsequent measurements.…”