Calorie Restriction with or without Time-Restricted Eating in Weight Loss

Liu, Deying; Huang, Yan; Huang, Chensihan; Yang, Siyu; Wei, Xueyun; Zhang, Peizhen; Guo, Dan; Lin, Jiayang; Xu, Bingyan; Li, Changwei; He, Hua; He, Jiang; Liu, Shiqun; Shi, Linna; Xue, Yao-ming; Zhang, Huijie

doi:10.1056/nejmoa2114833

Cited by 256 publications

(315 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This risk is probably not relevant if macronutrient and micronutrient requirements were obtained. The main side effects reported in fasting studies are fatigue, headache, and dizziness [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Therapeutic Fasting: Are Patients Aged 65 and Over Ready?

et al. 2022

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While being the main potential beneficiaries of therapeutic fasting’s health benefits, the elderly are frequently thought of as being too fragile to fast. The main objective of our survey was to review the knowledge, practices, and acceptability of therapeutic fasting in subjects aged 65 years and over. From September 2020 to March 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to subjects aged 65 and over, using the mailing list of local organizations working in the field of aging. The mean age of the 290 respondents was 73.8 ± 6.5 years, 75.2% were women and 54.1% had higher education. Among the respondents, 51.7% had already fasted and 80.7% deemed therapeutic fasting interesting, 83.1% would be willing to fast if it was proven beneficial for their health, and 77.2% if it was proven to decrease the burden of chronic diseases. Subjects aged 65 to 74 years considered themselves as having the greatest physical and motivational abilities to perform therapeutic fasting. People aged 65 years, or more, are interested in therapeutic fasting and a large majority would be ready to fast if such practice was proven beneficial. These results pave the way for future clinical trials evaluating therapeutic fasting in elderly subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent randomized trial, Liu and al. reported that TRF (between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.) with a daily 25% caloric restriction was not more beneficial with regard to reduction in body weight or metabolic risk factors than the same daily caloric restriction alone [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Fasting: Are Patients Aged 65 and Over Ready?

et al. 2022

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“…A major challenge in translating IF regimens into clinical practice is the contradictory results found in human studies investigating the effects of IF diets on human metabolism 22–26,197 . One reason for these discrepancies stems from the human individual response to IF diets.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several clinical studies show that IF diets increase life expectancy and provide a wide range of benefits, including mitigation of obesity, hypertension, T2D, and CVDs 17–19 . However, other studies have found that time‐specific diets are not superior to energy restriction in improving cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes 20–24 . More recent meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials in overweight or obese patients indicated that intermittent energy restriction involving 2–3 days of periodic fasting led to improved weight loss and reduced body fat versus continuous energy restriction 25,26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time‐limited diets and the gut microbiota in cardiometabolic disease

Ratiner

Goldenberg

Elinav

2022

Journal of Diabetes

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In recent years, intermittent fasting (IF), including periodic fasting and time-restricted feeding (TRF), has been increasingly suggested to constitute a promising treatment for cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). A deliberate daily pause in food consumption influences the gut microbiome and the host circadian clock, resulting in improved cardiometabolic health. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which circadian host-microbiome interactions affect host metabolism and immunity may add a potentially important dimension to effective implementation of IF diets. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence potentially linking compositional and functional alterations of the gut microbiome with IF impacts on mammalian metabolism and risk of development of hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and their longterm micro-and macrovascular complications. We highlight the challenges and unknowns in causally linking diurnal bacterial signals with dietary cues and downstream metabolic consequences and means of harnessing these signals toward future microbiome integration into precision medicine.cardiometabolic disease, circadian rhythms, gut microbiome, intermittent fasting, timerestricted feeding Highlights• Time-specific diet is a novel nutritional approach to prevent and treat cardiometabolic disease.• Feeding-fasting cycles shape gut microbial composition and metabolite production. These alterations may play a causative role in driving the cardiometabolic benefits of intermittent fasting.• Despite the impressive results in animals, human studies show contradicting results, possibly due to intraindividual variation involved in the hostmicrobiome response to diet.

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“…), is well known to improve the health spans and life spans of laboratory animals ( 2 ). In obese patients, caloric restriction–induced weight loss is not further improved by time-restricted feeding (eating only between 8:00 am and 4:00 pm), suggesting that global caloric intake is the most important determinant of the metabolic consequence of fasting ( 3 ). However, when applied to mice, continuous caloric restriction appears to be more efficient in reducing the development and progression of cancer than intermittent fasting ( 4 ).…”

Section: Fastingmentioning

confidence: 99%