Caloric restriction, aging, and antioxidant enzymes

Feuers, Ritchie J.; Weindruch, Richard; Hart, Ronald W.

doi:10.1016/0921-8734(93)90020-4

Cited by 84 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Differences in antioxidant status with CR have been previously reported (Feuers et al, 1993). Our data reveal that several enzymes involved in cell protection against oxidative stress are increased by CR, whereas these protein levels decrease or do not change with age (Fig.…”

Section: Antioxidant Systemsupporting

confidence: 61%

Modulation of white adipose tissue proteome by aging and calorie restriction

et al. 2010

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SummaryAging is associated with an accrual of body fat, progressive development of insulin resistance and other obesity comorbidities that contribute to decrease life span. Caloric restriction (CR), which primarily affects energy stores in adipose tissue, is known to extend life span and retard the aging process in animal models. In this study, a proteomic approach combining 2-DE and MS was used to identify proteins modulated by aging and CR in rat white adipose tissue proteome. Proteomic analysis revealed 133 differentially expressed spots, 57 of which were unambiguously identified by MS. Although CR opposed part of the age-associated protein expression patterns, many effects of CR were on proteins unaltered by age, suggesting that the effects of CR on adipose tissue are only weakly related to those of aging. Particularly, CR and aging altered glucose, intermediate and lipid metabolism, with CR enhancing the expression of enzymes involved in oxalacetate and NADPH production, lipid biosynthesis and lipolysis. Consistently, insulin-b and b3-adrenergic receptors were also increased by CR, which denotes improved sensitivity to lipogenic ⁄ lipolytic stimuli. Other beneficial outcomes of CR were an improvement in oxidative stress, preventing the age-associated decrease in several antioxidant enzymes. Proteins involved in cytoskeleton, iron storage, energy metabolism and several proteins with novel or unknown functions in adipose tissue were also modulated by age and ⁄ or CR. Such orchestrated changes in expression of multiple proteins provide insights into the mechanism underlying CR effects, ultimately allowing the discovery of new markers of aging and targets for the development of CR-mimetics.

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Section: Antioxidant Systemsupporting

confidence: 61%

Modulation of white adipose tissue proteome by aging and calorie restriction

et al. 2010

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“…However, Rao et al (1990) observed that caloric restriction can attenuate the age dependent decrease of SOD activity. In general, caloric restriction has been observed to increase, decrease, or have no effect on antioxidant enzyme activity in rodents (Koizumi et al 1987;Laganiere and Yu 1989;Rao et al 1990;Feuers et al 1993;Luthala et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superoxide dismutase activities in long-lived Drosophila melanogaster females: chico 1 genotypes and dietary dilution

2006

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Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined for dietary dilution conditions that extend the life span of Drosophila melanogaster. The hypothesis motivating this research was that elevated SOD activity is associated with increased life span resulting from flies being held on a restricted diet. SOD activities were also measured for chico 1 which is a mutation in the insulin receptor substrate protein gene associated with life span extension. This allowed us to confirm the results of (Clancy et al. 2001) and extend the results by measuring CuZn SOD and Mn SOD activities in addition to the previously determined overall SOD activity. If the same form of SOD activity (CuZn SOD or Mn SOD) was elevated on the dilute diet that extends life span and in the long lived chico 1 homozygotes, then it would suggest that life span extension by dietary restriction and by insulin signaling mutations has a similar underlying mechanism. However, overall SOD activity, and CuZn SOD or Mn SOD activities did not differ among the diets tested. As observed previously (Clancy et al. 2001), overall SOD activity was elevated in chico 1 homozygotes compared to the heterozygote or wild type.Results from the present study indicate that elevated CuZn SOD activity, not Mn SOD, is the basis for the relatively high level of SOD activity in the chico 1 homozygotes.

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“…A recently published hypothesis links upregulation of apoptosis with reduction of oxidant stress and prolongation of life span by CR (37). CR decreases oxidant stress (38) and increases the expression of free radical scavenging enzymes (39). Senescence and resistance to apoptosis are characteristics of aging cells, and it is suggested that if cells damaged by free radical mechanisms cannot be eliminated by apoptosis, the probability of a malignancy correspondingly increases.…”

Section: Cr Suppresses Tumorigenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of calorie restriction and ω-3 dietary fat on aging in short-and long-lived rodents

Troyer

Venkatraman

Fernandes

1998

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Aging is accompanied by a steady increase in the incidence of spontaneous tumors and a decline in immune function. Calorie restriction (CR) or supplementation with (0-3 fats prolongs life span, suppresses tumorigenesis, and ameliorates immune function in a variety of experimental models. We suggest that decreased oxidant stress and upregulation of apoptosis mediate the effects of calorie restriction on immunity and longevity. CR prolongs life span in several animal models and our studies have examined the effects of CR on the immune system and on tumorigenesis.

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Caloric restriction, aging, and antioxidant enzymes

Cited by 84 publications

References 44 publications

Modulation of white adipose tissue proteome by aging and calorie restriction

Modulation of white adipose tissue proteome by aging and calorie restriction

Superoxide dismutase activities in long-lived Drosophila melanogaster females: chico 1 genotypes and dietary dilution

Effects of calorie restriction and ω-3 dietary fat on aging in short-and long-lived rodents

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