Callus Induction from Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Seedlings and Leaves of Mature Tree

Abstract

Callus induction was successfully carried out from several explants of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Callogenesis from the apex was tested on three different media containing Woody Plant Medium (WPM), Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) macronutrients supplemented with two different hormonal solutions: benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 4.44 µM alone, or 2.22 µM of BAP plus 5 µM of 2-naphthalineacetic acid (NAA). Primary callus formation was obtained on a medium containing 88% WPM macronutrients. Callus formation from other parts of the plant was as follows: Cotyledon embryos extracted from immature seeds (85% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 µM BAP and 5 µM NAA);  Cotyledon leaves taken from 7-day-old seedlings, obtained from in vitro germination of seeds (62% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 µM BAP and 5 µM NAA);

Evaluation of the Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of Ceratonia siliqua Leaf and Seed Extract

“…The lower the antioxidant activity. The results agreed with [42], which proved that the best part of the Algerian carob plant as an antioxidant was the seeds, where the IC50% was 112.75mg/ml, and it was superior to the synthetic antioxidant BHA and ascorbic acid. [6], referred to the biological activity of carob fruits using four solvents.…”

“…As for Gram-negative Salmonella, the inhibition diameters ranged from 10-20 mm. Whereas [42][43][44], indicated that the effectiveness of bay leaves of the alcoholic extract against E. coli reached an inhibition diameter of 15 mm.While the hexane and aqueous extract varied in effect against all bacterial species, as only S. aureus was affected by a concentration of 3.125 mg/ml with a diameter of 10.5 mm of hexane extract.…”