Callus formation and organogenesis of tomato (Lycopersicon escu-lentum mill variety Thilina)

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of explant source and hormone concentrations on the callogenesis, calli growth, plantlet regeneration and rooting of a local tomato variety (Lycopersicon esculentum mill. variety 'Thilina'). Different combinations of Benzyl Adenine (BAP) and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) were used with hypocotyl, leaf and root explants in a completely randomized design with five replicates to evaluate the success in plantlet regeneration. Regenerated healthy shoots sub cultured in to MS medium with various concentrations of Indole-3-butric acid (IBA) for rooting. After one month the weight of fresh callus, number of regenerated shoots and roots were evaluated. Anova (DMRT) test shows there were significant effects at p<0.05 level. Combination of BAP (0.1mgl-1) with 2.4-D (2.0mgl-1) and hypocotyl explant produced the best quality fresh callus in highest weight. The best hormonal combination for shoot regeneration (4 shoots/explant) was 0.1mgl-1 NAA and 0.5mgl-1 Kinetin from callus. Maximum direct regeneration was observed on MS medium containing 0.5mgl-1 Kinetin, 2.0mgl-1 BAP, 0.1mgl-1 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 100mgl-1 my-inositol within 15-20 days (4 shoots/explant). Leaf bud revealed to be better explants for direct regeneration. Highest root number per plantlet was observed with 2.0mgl-1 IBA.

Organogenesis of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Sandra and Rocky by Hypocotyl, Cotyledon and Leaf Explants

“…Moreover, Hnur and Krishnareddy (2016) clearly indicated the role of kinetin with BAP into produce good embryogenic calli from hypocotyls explants in tomato and developed them to whole plantlets. Furthermore, many researchers have reported that kinetin and BA as important cytokinins with high shoot regeneration ability from hypocotyl explants when used in combination with some auxins such as NAA in the culture medium (Manawadu et al, 2014). Kauser et al (2016) as well showed that the combination of 1.5mgl -1 BAP, 0.5mgl -1 zeatin and 0.2mgl -1 IAA was considered as the best medium for high plant regeneration rates from hypocotyl, cotyledon and leaf explants.…”

“…The reason of lower organogenesis percentage and shoots number from leaf explants comparing with cotyledon and hypocotyl explants in this study may be due to the type of explants as well as the type of plant growth regulators and concentration (Majoul et al, 2007). However, other research found that the better explants for direct regeneration was the leaf bud when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mgl -1 kinetin +2.0 mgl -1 BAP + 0.1 mgl -1 NAA (Manawadu et al, 2014). Figure 1: Direct organogenesis in tomato cv.…”

“…The role of various concentrations of auxins and cytokinin in direct shoot regeneration or organogenesis of tomato was documented by Manawadu et al, (2014). As well as, Kauser et al, (2016) studied the effect of various combination between BAP, zeatin , IAA and IBA on direct shoot regeneration from leaf explants.…”

The multipotent thidiazuron: A mechanistic overview of its roles in callogenesis and other plant cultures in vitro

“…26 TDZ encourages purine-type cytokinin synthesis and hence promote callus growth and regeneration in the hypocotyl tissues of Pelargonium hortorum by controlling the auxin transport and changing or stimulating the levels of abscisic acid, ethylene, and prolines. 123 An increase in the ribonucleoside level may cause the biological activity of TDZ. 92 It also increases the purine supply for cellular development and accumulates the metabolites of purine and also converts adenine to adenosine.…”

Effects of Some of Heavy Metals on Total Protein Amount and Peroxidase Activity in Solanum Lycopersicum Mill

“…Solanum lycopersicum Mill. is the member of Solanaceae family and one of the most important vegatable crop grown at the different part of the world (Manawadu et al, 2014).It contains a lof of nutrients and antioxidants (lycopene, phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C) which are quite important as food and for the the human health (Periago et al, 2009). However, heavy metal impacts on food production and human health have become a global concern all over the world.…”