Callus Formation and Mineralization after Fracture with Different Fixation Techniques: Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis versus Open Reduction Internal Fixation

Abstract

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis(MIPO) has been considered as an alternative for fracture treatment. Previous study has demonstrated that MIPO technique has the advantage of less soft tissue injury compared with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). However, the comparison of callus formation and mineralization between two plate osteosynthesis methods remains unknown. In this experiment, ulna fracture model was established in 42 beagle dogs. The fractures underwent reduction and internal fixation with MIPO or ORIF. Sequential fluorescent labeling and radiographs were applied to determine new callus formation and mineralization in two groups after operation. At 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively, the animals were selected to be sacrificed and the ulna specimens were analyzed by Micro-CT. The sections were also treated with Masson staining for histological evaluation. More callus formation was observed in MIPO group in early stage of fracture healing. The fracture union rate has no significant difference between two groups. The results indicate that excessive soft tissue stripping may impact early callus formation. As MIPO technique can effectively reduce soft tissue injury with little incision, it is considered to be a promising alternative for fracture fixation.

Comparison of the effect on bone healing process of different implants used in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis: limited contact dynamic compression plate versus locking compression plate

“…Callus formation that may result in a solid union depends on a good blood supply. As proved by our previous in vivo study, MIPO could promote early callus formation and mineralization40. Under this circumstance, we infer that these two plates may have equal effects in preserving the blood supply.…”

“…Animal models were created according to the protocol previously described40. Under general anesthesia, a small incision was made at the middle of the lateral side of the dog’s forearm.…”

Comparison of Outcomes from Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) Versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) in Radial Fracture Gap Models

“…In that study, fractures in dogs treated with MIPO healed faster and with more callus formation than those treated with ORIF. In another study, callus formation following an ulnar fracture and MIPO or ORIF was compared using micro-computed tomography (CT) and histomorphometry (Xu et al, 2015). Similar to those of previous studies, our results suggest that preserving periosteal blood supply could promote early callus formation and mineralization.…”

Improve the Efficiency of Surgery for Femoral Shaft Fractures with A Novel Instrument: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…However, in the control group, 4 patients required open reduction, as the guidewires were unable to reach the distal medullary cavity with unstable fracture reduction. As previously established, exposing the fracture site can impair the periosteal blood supply and thus affect the healing of the fracture [ 22 ].…”