Callose and homogalacturonan epitope distribution in stomatal complexes of Zea mays and Vigna sinensis

Giannoutsou, Eleni; Sotiriou, Penelope; Nikolakopoulou, Theodora L.; Galatis, B.; Apostolakos, P.

doi:10.1007/s00709-019-01425-8

Cited by 17 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Some of the myriad functions of BDG include use as a cell wall structural material in fungi [24], as extra-cellular and intra-cellular matrix material in certain bacteria [25], and algae [26], respectively. In plants, it appears as a wound repair and specialized structural material [27], typically in wound response tissue [28], vascular elements [29], and as intracellular pressure regulators in plasmodesmata [30]. In mammals and insects, which do not make BDG, it is recognized as an innate immune system-activating pathogen-associated molecular pattern and influences innate immuno-metabolism [31][32][33].…”

Section: (1→3)-β-glucan Distribution and Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Specificity Influences in (1→3)-β-d-Glucan-Supported Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease

Finkelman

2020

JoF

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(1→3)-β-glucan (BDG) testing as an adjunct in the diagnosis of invasive fungal disease (IFD) has been in use for nearly three decades. While BDG has a very high negative predictive value in this setting, diagnostic false positives may occur, limiting specificity and positive predictive value. Although results may be diagnostically false positive, they are analytically correct, due to the presence of BDG in the circulation. This review surveys the non-IFD causes of elevated circulating BDG. These are in the main, iatrogenic patient contamination through the use of BDG-containing medical devices and parenterally-delivered materials as well as translocation of intestinal luminal BDG due to mucosal barrier injury. Additionally, infection with Nocardia sp. may also contribute to elevated circulating BDG. Knowledge of the factors which may contribute to such non-IFD-related test results can improve the planning and interpretation of BDG assays and permit investigational strategies, such as serial sampling and BDG clearance evaluation, to assess the likelihood of contamination and improve patient care.

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Section: (1→3)-β-glucan Distribution and Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Specificity Influences in (1→3)-β-d-Glucan-Supported Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease

Finkelman

2020

JoF

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“…Recently, data mostly derived from kidney-shaped stomata revealed that matrix cell wall materials, like different types of pectins and xyloglucans, are also involved in the mechanism of stomatal movement [ 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 ]. The pectin network also seems to be important for the functional cell wall properties of the dumbbell-shaped stomata [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Callose is an interesting multifunctional (1, 3)-β- d -glucan, produced by callose synthases and degraded by β-1, 3-glucanases [ 9 ]. The data considered here have been mainly taken from a recent study on the kidney-shaped stomata of Vigna sinensis and the dumbbell-shaped ones of Zea mays [ 8 ]. Although, previous studies showed that callose plays an essential role in both morphogenesis and function of the kidney-shaped stomata of ferns [ 10 ], there is no information published on any other angiosperm species apart from V. sinensis and Z. mays .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Callose: a multifunctional (1, 3)-β–d-glucan involved in morphogenesis and function of angiosperm stomata

Apostolakos

Giannoutsou

Galatis

2021

J of Biol Res-Thessaloniki

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Background Although the cellulose microfibril organization in guard cell (GC) walls play a crucial role in the mechanism of the stomatal function, recent work showed that matrix cell wall materials are also involved. Especially in the kidney-shaped stomata of the fern Asplenium nidus, callose actively participates in the mechanism of opening and closure of the stomatal pore. Scope The present review briefly presents and discusses recent findings concerning the distribution and role of callose in the kidney-shaped stomata of the dicotyledon Vigna sinensis as well as in the dumbbell-shaped stomata of the monocotyledon Zea mays. Conclusion The discussed data support that, in both categories of angiosperm stomata, callose is implicated in the mechanism of stomatal pore formation and stomata function by locally affecting the mechanical properties of the GC cell walls.

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“…The abundance of HGs may also be related to an increased requirement for flexibility of the giant cell walls [11]. As it has also been observed in guard cell walls, the increased presence of HGs in their cell walls helps to maintain their flexibility during changes in cell volume and shape [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Wall Modifications in Giant Cells Induced by the Plant Parasitic Nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Wild-Type (Col-0) and the fra2 Arabidopsis thaliana Katanin Mutant

Meidani

Ntalli

Giannoutsou

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Meloidogyne incognita is a root knot nematode (RKN) species which is among the most notoriously unmanageable crop pests with a wide host range. It inhabits plants and induces unique feeding site structures within host roots, known as giant cells (GCs). The cell walls of the GCs undergo the process of both thickening and loosening to allow expansion and finally support nutrient uptake by the nematode. In this study, a comparative in situ analysis of cell wall polysaccharides in the GCs of wild-type Col-0 and the microtubule-defective fra2 katanin mutant, both infected with M. incognita has been carried out. The fra2 mutant had an increased infection rate. Moreover, fra2 roots exhibited a differential pectin and hemicellulose distribution when compared to Col-0 probably mirroring the fra2 root developmental defects. Features of fra2 GC walls include the presence of high-esterified pectic homogalacturonan and pectic arabinan, possibly to compensate for the reduced levels of callose, which was omnipresent in GCs of Col-0. Katanin severing of microtubules seems important in plant defense against M. incognita, with the nematode, however, to be nonchalant about this “katanin deficiency” and eventually induce the necessary GC cell wall modifications to establish a feeding site.

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Callose and homogalacturonan epitope distribution in stomatal complexes of Zea mays and Vigna sinensis

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Specificity Influences in (1→3)-β-d-Glucan-Supported Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease

Specificity Influences in (1→3)-β-d-Glucan-Supported Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease

Callose: a multifunctional (1, 3)-β–d-glucan involved in morphogenesis and function of angiosperm stomata

Cell Wall Modifications in Giant Cells Induced by the Plant Parasitic Nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Wild-Type (Col-0) and the fra2 Arabidopsis thaliana Katanin Mutant

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