Callosal degradation in HIV-1 infection predicts hierarchical perception: A DTI study

Müller‐Oehring, Eva M.; Schulte, Tilman; Rosenbloom, Margaret J.; Pfefferbaum, Adolf; Sullivan, Edith V.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.12.015

Cited by 42 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Our results contribute to a growing body of research demonstrating that HIV is associated with compromised white matter integrity throughout the brain (Bing et al , 2001; Chang et al , 2008; Chen et al , 2009; Du et al , 2012; Hoare et al , 2011; Müller-Oehring et al , 2010; Pfefferbaum et al , 2009; Pomara et al , 2001; Thurnher et al , 2005; Wright et al , 2015; Wu et al , 2006; Zhu et al , 2013). Specifically, HIV was associated with widespread decreases in FA, but more regionally specific increases in MD within the corpus callosum and thalamus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The majority reported significantly reduced FA and/or elevated MD among HIV-infected compared to HIV-uninfected persons in the corpus callosum (Chang et al , 2008; Chen et al , 2009; Du et al , 2012; Hoare et al , 2011; Müller-Oehring et al , 2010; Pfefferbaum et al , 2009; Thurnher et al , 2005; Wang et al , 2016; Wright et al , 2015; Wu et al , 2006; Zhu et al , 2013). This is likely symptomatic of a general decline in white matter integrity, as FA reduction and/or MD elevation among HIV-infected persons have also been reported in several other regions, including the cingulate cortex, frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital white matter (Chang et al , 2008; Chen et al , 2009; Pomara et al , 2001; Zhu et al , 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection

et al. 2017

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This study investigated the association of HIV infection and cocaine dependence with cerebral white matter integrity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). 135 participants stratified by HIV and cocaine status (26 HIV+/COC+, 37 HIV+/COC−, 37 HIV−/COC+, and 35 HIV−/COC−) completed a comprehensive substance abuse assessment, neuropsychological testing, and MRI with DTI. Among HIV+ participants, all were receiving HIV care and 46% had an AIDS diagnosis. All COC+ participants were current users and met criteria for cocaine use disorder. We used tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to assess the relation of HIV and cocaine to fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). In whole-brain analyses, HIV+ participants had significantly reduced FA and increased MD compared to HIV− participants. The relation of HIV and FA was widespread throughout the brain, whereas the HIV-related MD effects were restricted to the corpus callosum and thalamus. There were no significant cocaine or HIV-by-cocaine effects. These DTI metrics correlated significantly with duration of HIV disease, nadir CD4+ cell count, and AIDS diagnosis, as well as some measures of neuropsychological functioning. These results suggest that HIV is related to white matter integrity throughout the brain, and that HIV-related effects are more pronounced with increasing duration of infection and greater immune compromise. We found no evidence for independent effects of cocaine dependence on white matter integrity, and cocaine dependence did not appear to exacerbate the effects of HIV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection

et al. 2017

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“…The current study found an association between global facilitation and higher white matter integrity in the genu, anterior body, and the splenium of the CC. However, the current sample of pediatric-onset MS patients showed the same degree of compromise in both anterior (genu) and posterior (splenium) callosal regions, whereas the HIV-1 group showed greater compromise in the posterior callosal regions than in the anterior regions (Müller-Oehring et al, 2010). Thus, it was not possible in the current study to determine whether facilitation effects were more strongly associated with compromise in the posterior regions as has been previously suggested (Müller-Oehring et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 45%

Interhemispheric cooperation in global–local visual processing in pediatric multiple sclerosis

Todorow

DeSouza

Banwell

et al. 2014

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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Impairments in visuospatial abilities are commonly reported in children and adolescents with multiple sclerosis (MS). Corpus callosum (CC) pathology occurs in patients with MS and may contribute to impairment in visuospatial perception, particularly when interhemispheric information transfer is required. This study used a global-local hierarchical letter paradigm to examine the relationship between interhemispheric information transfer and white matter integrity in the CC assessed using diffusion tensor imaging. Thirteen cognitively preserved pediatric-onset MS patients and 15 age-matched healthy controls were asked to determine whether a target letter E appeared at the attended level of the stimulus. As expected, both groups processed global and local information more slowly under divided than selective attention conditions. The MS group performed similarly to the control group with respect to reaction time and accuracy on selective and divided attention conditions, with one exception. Specifically, the presence of a global target when attending to a local target caused greater response conflict in the MS group than in controls (p = .01). Pooling both the patient and control data, greater response conflict was associated with reduced white matter integrity as indicated by lower fractional anisotropy in the anterior body of the CC (r = -.33, p< .05). Results suggest that reduced white matter integrity in anterior regions of the CC may lead to less efficient inhibition of task-irrelevant global information in the hierarchal processing of visual information.

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“…Notably, white matter abnormalities are prevalent and the degree of neurocognitive impairment has been correlated with the amount of damage (15, 16). Imaging studies have also revealed cortical myelin disruption, volume loss, and diminished structural integrity of the corpus callosum in HAND patients, which were even more pronounced in cART-treated individuals (17–19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Oligodendrocyte Maturation and Myelin Maintenance: The Role of Antiretrovirals in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

Jensen

Monnerie

Mannell

et al. 2015

J Neuropathol Exp Neurol

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Despite effective viral suppression through combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), approximately half of HIV-positive individuals suffer from HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND). Studies of antiretroviral treated patients have revealed persistent white matter pathologies including diffuse myelin pallor, diminished white matter tracts, and decreased myelin protein mRNAs. Loss of myelin can contribute to neurocognitive dysfunction as the myelin membrane generated by oligodendrocytes is essential for rapid signal transduction and axonal maintenance. We hypothesized that myelin changes in HAND are partly due to effects of antiretroviral drugs on oligodendrocyte survival and/or maturation. We showed that primary mouse oligodendrocyte precursor cell cultures treated with therapeutic concentrations of HIV protease inhibitors Ritonavir or Lopinavir displayed dose-dependent decreases in oligodendrocyte maturation; however, this effect was rapidly reversed following drug removal. Conversely, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor Zidovudine had no effect. Furthermore, in vivo Ritonavir administration to adult mice reduced frontal cortex myelin protein levels. Finally, prefrontal cortex tissue from HIV-positive individuals with HAND on cART showed a significant decrease in myelin basic protein compared with untreated HIV-positive individuals with HAND or HIV-negative controls. These findings demonstrate that antiretrovirals can impact myelin integrity, and have implications for myelination in juvenile HIV patients, and myelin maintenance in adults on lifelong therapy.

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Callosal degradation in HIV-1 infection predicts hierarchical perception: A DTI study

Cited by 42 publications

References 96 publications

Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection

Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection

Interhemispheric cooperation in global–local visual processing in pediatric multiple sclerosis

Altered Oligodendrocyte Maturation and Myelin Maintenance: The Role of Antiretrovirals in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

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