California: Water Security from Infrastructure, Institutions, and the Global Economy

Lund, Jay R.; Medellín–Azuara, Josué

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7913-9_11

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…Interties, water stored in aquifers and reservoirs, water market agreements, and long-term water Journal of Water Resource and Protection conservation avoided, with few exceptions, emergency conditions in the cities. In 1976-1977, the California drought event included the driest year on the record and deep urban water conservation was achieved as a result of significant water demand management programs [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of the New Operational Rules for Cantareira Water System: Re-Reading the 2014-2016 Water Crisis

Deusdará-Leal¹,

Cuartas²,

Rong³

et al. 2020

JWARP

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During the 2014-2016 water shortage crisis, the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) water supply system extracted pumping volume from the Cantareira System. Before the crisis, between 1984 and 2013, the reservoir's average water extraction flow was 29.6 m 3 •s −1. During the period of pumping volume usage, the average extraction flow was 16.2 m 3 •s −1. Following the crisis, two new mitigation policies were implemented: a water extraction Resolution (in 2017) and a Resolution for water reallocation from another basin (in 2018). This study provides a novel investigation of the Cantareira System water crisis by assessing the mitigation policies impacts on storage level dynamics. The system storage level was evaluated using the reservoir simulation module of PDM-Cemaden hydrological model, assuming that the new policies had already been implemented prior to the crisis. A control simulation was run with observed in-and out-flow and operationally-practiced extraction flow. The storage level dynamics impacts were evaluated under 4 water mitigation policies scenarios varying the policies implementation starting date, the extraction flow range and including the water reallocation variable. Results showed that pumping volume would only need extraction during a short period (Scenarios I, III and IV), and considering the water reallocation, pumping volume extraction would not have been necessary (Scenario II

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of the New Operational Rules for Cantareira Water System: Re-Reading the 2014-2016 Water Crisis

Deusdará-Leal¹,

Cuartas²,

Rong³

et al. 2020

JWARP

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Patterns of water-wise residential landscaping in a drought-prone city

Green,

Solins,

Brissette

et al. 2024

Journal of Urban Ecology

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The replacement of turf lawns with water-wise landscaping has become a common tactic for water conservation in drought-prone cities and is often incentivized through rebate programs that subsidize the cost of turf conversion. The impact of rebate programs increases if neighbors are inspired to adopt water-wise landscaping independently. However, turf conversion is expensive even with a rebate, and residents may have non-financial reasons for maintaining lawns or installing water-wise landscaping independently. We explored the distribution of water-wise yards and rebate recipients in relation to sociodemographic and biophysical landscape characteristics across the city of Sacramento, California, USA. For 100 census tracts in Sacramento, we visually assessed the landscaping in front of every single-family home to classify it as water-wise or conventional. We found that ∼10% of 109,062 sampled yards were water-wise, while only 0.3% were rebate recipients. We also found that water-wise yards were clustered, suggesting a neighborhood adoption effect. Water-wise yards and rebate recipients were positively correlated with educational attainment, white population, income, and tree canopy, and negatively correlated with July temperature and households with children. Our research shows that most water-wise landscaping in Sacramento has been installed without rebates, in areas with greater shading and socioeconomic status. Rebates did not appear to offset barriers to turf conversion, but may inspire neighborhood adoption. Our findings suggest that while water-wise landscaping is becoming more prevalent, it is not accessible or desirable for all residents, potentially contributing to uneven distributions of urban water use and ecosystem services.

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The Economics of Drought

Edwards,

Sanchez,

Sekhri

2024

Annual Review of Resource Economics

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Water scarcity and drought have determined the structure, location, and fate of civilizations throughout history. Drought remains an important factor in the performance of developed and developing economies, especially in the agricultural sector. While significant attention has been paid to drought as a meteorological phenomenon and on its economic impact, comparative institutional analysis of the economics of drought is limited. In this review, we focus on how economic institutions, the humanly devised constraints that shape the allocation and use of water, impact the severity and incidence of droughts. Water property rights in developed countries encourage infrastructure investments and reallocations that mitigate drought impacts, although such institutions may codify inequitable water access during drought. Developing economies rely more on informal strategies for mitigating drought and remain more vulnerable, experiencing economic losses, conflict, and violence.

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California: Water Security from Infrastructure, Institutions, and the Global Economy

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Implications of the New Operational Rules for Cantareira Water System: Re-Reading the 2014-2016 Water Crisis

Implications of the New Operational Rules for Cantareira Water System: Re-Reading the 2014-2016 Water Crisis

Patterns of water-wise residential landscaping in a drought-prone city

The Economics of Drought

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