Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes consumidores de benzodiacepinas

Abstract

Objetivo Describir la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en consumidores de benzodiacepinas y comprobar si existe asociación con las características del tratamiento, su efectividad y las variables sociodemográficas. Diseño Estudio descriptivo de carácter transversal. Emplazamiento Consultas de medicina de familia. Participantes Cuatrocientos cincuenta y dos pacientes mayores de 18 años consumidores de benzodiacepinas o fármacos análogos. Mediciones principales La CVRS se evaluó mediante el cuestionario EuroQol-5D. Otras variables: síntomas de ansiedad o insomnio, variables sociodemográficas y características del tratamiento. Resultados La puntuación media ± desviación estándar en el estado de salud fue de 62,80 (IC del 95%: 60,69-64,86), inferior en personas sin estudios (59,27 ±21,97; p = 0,004) y menor categoría social (60,02 ± 21,27; p < 0,001). En cuanto a la tarifa social (índice EQ) se obtuvo una puntuación media de 0,6025 (IC del 95%: 0,5659-0,6391), superior en personas con mayor escolarización (0,6577 ± 0,3574; p = 0,001), más categoría social (0,7286 ± 0,3381; p < 0,001) y edad inferior a 65 años (0,6603 ± 0,3426; p < 0,001). Las variables que mediante regresión múltiple se asociaron con el valor del índice EQ fueron ausencia de ansiedad/insomnio, pertenencia a clases sociales superiores, edad menor de 65 años y menor consumo de ansiolíticos/hipnóticos. Conclusiones Los pacientes consumidores de benzodiacepinas manifiestan, a pesar del tratamiento, una moderada CVRS, inferior a la obtenida en población general o en pacientes de atención primaria. La situación es más favorable en los de menor edad, en quienes no presentan ansiedad/insomnio, en pertenecientes a clases sociales superiores y cuando el consumo de fármacos es menor.

Quality of Life Assessment in Patients Using Benzodiazepines during the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Community Pharmacy Using EuroQol 5D-3L

“…The gender distribution of the sample was 66.14% women and 33.86% men (two out of three BZDs users are women). These results are in line with previous studies conducted in Spain such as those of García et al [ 22 ] who studied 78% women, García-Delgado et al [ 15 ] with 71%, Toral-López et al [ 8 ] with 66%, Matud et al [ 23 ] with 52.6% and García et al [ 24 ] with 62% women. Furthermore, studies in which only patients over 65 years of age were assessed also reported a higher percentage of women (74%) among BZDs users [ 12 ].…”

“…Comparing these results with those reported by García et al [ 22 ], it can be concluded that the data are quite similar. Hernández et al [ 32 ] obtained a figure of 57.1% for pain/discomfort for polymedicated patients which is also similar to that obtained in the present study.…”

“…In the self-care quality-of-life parameter, the EuroQol instrument showed that 82.68% of BZDs users reported having no problems with self-care, 12.60% had some problems with self-care, and 4.72% were unable to wash or dress themselves. García et al [ 22 ] obtained similar figures with 91.7% having no problems with self-care (82.68% in the present study) and 8.1% having some problems (12.60% in the present study). With respect to usual activities, 69.29% of BZD users had no problems with carrying out daily activities, 22.83% had some problems, and 7.87% were unable to carry out their daily activities.…”

“…The high percentage of patients responding that they had some walking difficulties is in line with the results reported by Hernández et al [ 32 ] who detected a similar score of 37.1%. However, García et al [ 22 ], when studying the BZD-using population and measuring their mobility, observed that 26.5% of men and 22.9% of women reported having some problems with walking. Having obtained a total of almost 32% of patients with mobility problems, the authors proceeded to investigate the correlation with age ( Table 2 ).…”

“…Hernández et al [ 32 ] obtained slightly lower but equally remarkable data (41.1%). García et al [ 22 ] reported a result of 42.5% of BZD users with no depression or anxiety, 45.8% in a moderate state and 10.7% in the most severe degree. As both studies show, the values are similar, especially in the higher degrees of anxiety or depression.…”