Calibration Stability of Oxygen Meters for LMFBR Sodium Systems

Review—Evolution of the Development of In-Sodium Oxygen Sensor and Its Present Status

“…Use of gas phase with high oxygen partial pressures would introduce significant hole conduction in the YDT electrolyte, 18 although several research teams employed Pt-O 2 as the reference electrode due to its simplicity in using. [24][25][26] In the case of a mixture of a metal-metal oxide employed as reference electrode, the following equilibrium reaction fixes the oxygen partial pressure at the reference electrode-solid electrolyte interface:…”

“…38 Based on this evaluation, they reported that the performance of the sensors did not depend on the composition of YDT, which contradicted the earlier observations of Smith. 35 McKee and co-workers 26 prepared YDT tubes by forming it from high purity powders using cold isostatic press followed by sintering at temperatures ranging between 2073 and 2273 K. Five sensors were constructed using these tubes and tested in liquid sodium. The sensors operated for a cumulated duration of 6000 h. They found the tubes made by isostatic pressing of laboratory-synthesized powders exhibited better resistance to attack by sodium than those made by slip-cast method using commercially procured powders.…”

Preparation, characterization and sintering of yttrium-doped ThO2 for oxygen sensors applications

“…The electrolyte materials were generally based doped ThO2 or ZrO2, with metal/metal oxide or gas acting as reference electrode [7]. As instance, recent researches were conducted on Ca-doped [8] and Y-doped [9] zirconia because of the easier availability of the materials, but the best results were obtained with ThO2-based solid solutions [2,3,[5][6][7][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The majority of the probes produced up to now were designed in 1970's and 1980's, with some of them being tested in reactors [15,17] and made commercially available.…”