Calibration-free disposable electrochemical sensor with co-facing electrodes: Theory and characterisation with fixed and changing mediator concentration

Mruthunjaya, Ashwin K. V.; Hodges, Alastair M.; Chatelier, Ronald C.; Torriero, Angel A. J.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142596

Cited by 3 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The effect of impurities in the CA background current introduced by the redox specie present in excess, [Fe(EDTA)] −1 , has been previously documented to introduce up to 15% error in the measurements [ 27 ]. Therefore, background subtraction is required before the analysis of the respective CAs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…∆ k vs. ln[DAB] or ∆ k vs. [DAB]: k was obtained by fitting the pseudo linear part of the CA using Equation (1) [ 27 ].

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

where D , A , F , z , and L are the diffusion coefficient of the electroactive molecule, electrode area, the Faraday constant (96,485 C mol −1 ), the number of electrons exchanged, and the distance between the electrodes, respectively. This equation holds when two conditions are satisfied: ( i ) the generation of ACP should be pseudo-linear with time, and ( ii ) approximately 0.5 s should be allowed to elapse following the application of a potential so that the higher multiexponential terms have decayed more than 99% [ 27 ]. The mentioned fitting was performed using the following parameters: A = 0.11 cm 2 , D ACP = 1.12 × 10 −5 cm 2 s −1 , z = 2, and L = 95 μm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of similar systems are the use of electrochemical redox cycling, electrochemical–enzymatic, electrochemical–chemical, and electrochemical–chemical–chemical redox cycling [ 19 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. In the present work, DAB electrochemical biosensors with enhancement by redox cycling are reported, resulting in a simple, fast, cheap, and sensitive method based on the inhibition properties of DAB on trypsin and thrombin combined with the amplification properties obtained with the use of novel co-facing disposable electrodes [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. The theory and characterisation of these sensors were previously presented by our group [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present work, DAB electrochemical biosensors with enhancement by redox cycling are reported, resulting in a simple, fast, cheap, and sensitive method based on the inhibition properties of DAB on trypsin and thrombin combined with the amplification properties obtained with the use of novel co-facing disposable electrodes [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. The theory and characterisation of these sensors were previously presented by our group [ 27 ]. Besides, this sensor platform has been successfully applied to glucose monitoring, with more than 10 billion OneTouch ® Verio ® strips sold by LifeScan Inc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Disposable Biosensor to Monitor Dabigatran in Point-of-Care Anticoagulation Therapy

2023

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Dabigatran etexilate, an oral prodrug, is often used to treat complications linked to thrombosis. Dabigatran (DAB, active form) does not need to be monitored. However, there are several conditions, such as reduced renal function, traumatic bleeding, emergency surgery, the need for thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke, or the requirement to use other forms of anticoagulation, where knowing the concentration of DAB in the blood is indispensable. Unfortunately, there are no convenient DAB-specific point-of-care tests available. To solve this problem, two disposable sensors were constructed and optimised in this work to detect the anticoagulant drug DAB using novel co-facing disposable electrodes, which allows a calibration-free quantitation of the electroactive mediator concentration. A trypsin-based sensor was evaluated. This sensor performed well in a 10 mM Tris buffer (pH 8.8) solution. However, trypsin was inhibited by alpha-1 antitrypsin when a plasma sample was introduced into the sensor. This problem was overcome by plasma filtration. This sensor showed a detection limit of 50.7 ng mL−1 DAB in plasma and a quantification range of 177–500 ng mL−1. A thrombin-based sensor was also constructed. This sensor performed well in ten-fold diluted plasma, overcoming the filtration problem observed with the trypsin-based sensor. This sensor showed a detection limit of 9.6 ng mL−1 DAB in plasma and a quantification range of 11.5–140 ng mL−1. Its extensive pH stability range, the possibility of working at physiological pH, low volume, low cost, and fast turnaround response (less than 20 s) make the calibration-free thrombin-based sensor a suitable point-of-care test to measure DAB concentration in the blood.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…∆ k vs. ln[DAB] or ∆ k vs. [DAB]: k was obtained by fitting the pseudo linear part of the CA using Equation (1) [ 27 ].

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Disposable Biosensor to Monitor Dabigatran in Point-of-Care Anticoagulation Therapy

2023

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Calibration-free electrochemical sensor to monitor factor-Xa inhibitors at the point-of-care anticoagulation therapy

Mruthunjaya,

Chatelier,

Torriero

2024

Talanta

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Electrochemical Monitoring in Anticoagulation Therapy

Mruthunjaya,

Torriero

2024

Molecules

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The process of blood coagulation, wherein circulating blood transforms into a clot in response to an internal or external injury, is a critical physiological mechanism. Monitoring this coagulation process is vital to ensure that blood clotting neither occurs too rapidly nor too slowly. Anticoagulants, a category of medications designed to prevent and treat blood clots, require meticulous monitoring to optimise dosage, enhance clinical outcomes, and minimise adverse effects. This review article delves into the various stages of blood coagulation, explores commonly used anticoagulants and their targets within the coagulation enzyme system, and emphasises the electrochemical methods employed in anticoagulant testing. Electrochemical sensors for anticoagulant monitoring are categorised into two types. The first type focuses on assays measuring thrombin activity via electrochemical techniques. The second type involves modified electrode surfaces that either directly measure the redox behaviours of anticoagulants or monitor the responses of standard redox probes in the presence of these drugs. This review comprehensively lists different electrode compositions and their detection and quantification limits. Additionally, it discusses the potential of employing a universal calibration plot to replace individual drug-specific calibrations. The presented insights are anticipated to significantly contribute to the sensor community’s efforts in this field.

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Calibration-free disposable electrochemical sensor with co-facing electrodes: Theory and characterisation with fixed and changing mediator concentration

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Electrochemical Disposable Biosensor to Monitor Dabigatran in Point-of-Care Anticoagulation Therapy

Electrochemical Disposable Biosensor to Monitor Dabigatran in Point-of-Care Anticoagulation Therapy

Calibration-free electrochemical sensor to monitor factor-Xa inhibitors at the point-of-care anticoagulation therapy

Electrochemical Monitoring in Anticoagulation Therapy

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