Calibration and Evaluation of a Real-Time Cascade Impactor

Fairchild, Charles; Wheat, L.D.

doi:10.1080/15298668491399668

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The cut sizes for the impactor were reported for spherical particle of density 2 gcm −3 by the manufacturer. However, these cut diameters are different from the values reported in the calibration studies on the instrument (Fairchild and Wheat 1984;Horton et al 1992). In this study, the cut sizes of the impactor were adopted from Horton et al (1992).…”

Section: Particulate Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Particulate Respiratory Dose to Indian Women from Domestic Cooking

Varghese

Gangamma

Patil

et al. 2005

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Particulate mass size distributions were measured during cooking and non-cooking periods in three Indian urban household kitchens with Liquefied Petroleum Gas as fuel. Based on the measured mass size distributions, fraction of particulate deposition in the respiratory system were calculated for a healthy Indian female using a deterministic lung deposition model. Respiratory physiological data of Indian women were collected from the published data. These physiological parameters were incorporated in the model to determine the particulate deposition in the respiratory system. The cooking generated very high concentration of particles 4 to 5 times more than the non-cooking background periods. Particulate size distributions in both cooking and non-cooking periods showed bimodal characteristics. Cooking process generated particles predominantly in accumulation mode (0.1-0.3 µm) whereas during non-cooking periods particulates are found in coarse mode (1.0-2.0 µm). Also, during frying process, the particulates were found to have a predominant coarser/droplet mode 0.7-1.0 µm. The highest deposition was observed in pulmonary region during cooking periods. The study shows that the daily particulate dose to the urban Indian women from domestic cooking is comparable with the dose resulting from outdoor particulate exposure.

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Section: Particulate Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Particulate Respiratory Dose to Indian Women from Domestic Cooking

Varghese

Gangamma

Patil

et al. 2005

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…The manufacturer reported the cut sizes for the impactor for spherical particle of density 2 gcm -3 . However, these cut diameters are different from the values reported in the calibration studies on the instrument [1]. In this study, the cut sizes of the impactor were adopted from Horton et al [2].…”

Section: Aerosol Measurement Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of monodisperse aerosols through condensation nuclei control

Kadlimatti¹,

Gangamma²,

Varghese³

2007

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 101

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A device for the generation of monodisperse aerosols through condensation nuclei control has been designed and tested in the present study. A continuous flow, evaporation-condensation aerosol generator has been designed to produce monodisperse aerosols of low vapor pressure organic liquids, such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP), at flow rates over 2.5 lpm. Nebulised NaCl particles are passed through the particle number controller to reduce the number concentration close to 10 5 /cc to suppress homogeneous condensation. The condensation nuclei with nitrogen as a carrier gas are passed through a bubbler containing DOP, producing a nuclei-vapor mixture. The mixture is condensed producing the aerosols of narrow size distribution. A heater section previous to the condenser section provides complete evaporation across the tube diameter, while the condenser walls in free convection create a low temperature gradient, both of which enhance aerosol monodispersity. The results show that controlling the nuclei number concentration as well as vapor source can produce aerosols with sufficient monodispersity.

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“…Figure 43b shows a stage of the impactor with the piezoelectric crystal located in the center of the stage. The rather large cavity, relativity small flow rate (100 ml/min), and the presence of electronics in the cavity, resulted in up to 50% interstage losses (Fairchild and Wheat 1984;Horton et al 1992).…”

Section: To 1969mentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Impactors—The First 110 Years

Marple

2004

Aerosol Science and Technology

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This history of impactors detailed in this article covers the time span from 1860 to 1970. The origin of the inertial impactor was in the time period from 1860 to 1870, and the very first impactors were essentially the same as they are today-a jet of particle-laden air impinging on a plate. Impactors have a history of going through spurts of development. In the 1800s, impactors allowed researchers for the very first time to quickly collect particles and inspect them under a microscope to study the relationship between dust and disease. This was an exciting time for researchers, and these early impactors were used extensively. The next spurt of development was about 1920, when impactors were rediscovered in the form of konimeters, dust counters, and impingers, which were considerably more advanced than the impactors of the 1800s and were used extensively for determining the dust concentrations to which industrial workers were exposed. These instruments were used in different forms until the mid 1940s when the cascade impactor was developed. The discovery of the cascade impactor, along with extensive theoretical analysis of jet impaction in the early 1950s, led to much activity in cascade impactor development. In 1970, with the help of finite difference techniques and high-speed computers, a parametric study of impactors was made which unlocked nearly all of the secrets of how to design an impactor. From 1970 forward, the design of impactors became rather routine, and numerous impactors of all shapes and sizes for all manner of purposes were designed and built.

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Calibration and Evaluation of a Real-Time Cascade Impactor

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Particulate Respiratory Dose to Indian Women from Domestic Cooking

Particulate Respiratory Dose to Indian Women from Domestic Cooking

Generation of monodisperse aerosols through condensation nuclei control

History of Impactors—The First 110 Years

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