Calibration algorithm of the n-port vector network analyser using the general node equation

High Sensitivity Envelope Detector Assisted by Microwave Photonics

“…In recent years, there have been significant improvements in the development of devices for the generation and detection of microwave signals motivated by the telecommunications sector (Shafi et al, 2017;Neil et al, 2017;Remley et al, 2017), which has allowed the development of equipment with precision, accuracy, and miniaturization superior to previous generations of equipment. Consequently, microwave dielectric spectroscopy has also benefited from this evolution, employing these new devices (Nehring et al, 2016;Nasr et al, 2014) together with new methods and techniques (Zhao et al, 2010;Stumper et al, 2014) for new applications previously limited by the barriers of the technologies used (Li et al, 2013;Hörberg et al, 2017;Azizi et al, 2013).…”

Influence of Solt Calibration Standards on Multiport Vna S-Parameter Measurements

“…Before the error correction procedure, all the error coefficients E Dii , E Sii , E Rii , E Xji , E Lji and E T ji (i, j = 1 ∼ n, i = j) are solved by the GSOLT procedure [4]. Then when the S-parameter measurements of an n-port DUT are performed, the error correction will be applied to compute the actual S-parameters [6]. To further simplify the error correction algorithm, the following transformations are made for the flow graph of the 3n-term error model in Fig.…”

“…To achieve high precision, the calibration procedure should be implemented before the measurement [2,3]. For the n-port VNA with n+1 measurement channels, the general short-openload-thru (GSOLT) procedure is now widely used [4][5][6]. In practical application, the S-parameters associated with the calibration standards short (S), open (O), load (L) and thru (T) are not ideal as expected.…”