Calf Diarrhea: Epidemiological Prevalence and Bacterial Load in Oyo and Ogun States, Nigeria

Olaogun, Sunday Charles; Jeremiah, Olalekan Taiwo; Jubril, Afusat Jagun; Adewuyi, Olaoluwa O.

doi:10.5455/ajvs.232816

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, the pattern and distribution of serotypes retrieved in the study are nearly similar to the recently reported serogroups of isolates from Egypt (Algammal et al, 2020). Heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (STa and STb) toxins are the mediators by which Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) induce its pathogenicity in humans and animals (Olaogun et al, 2016). Investigation of E. coli isolates in this study showed their expression of these two toxin-encoding genes, proving its biotyping as ETEC type and indicating its pathogenicity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Molecular exploring of multidrug resistance update of E.coli causing neonatal calves’ diarrhea.

Sekeen,

Ragab,

Rizk

2023

Benha Veterinary Medical Journal

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Cattle producers usually face considerable economic losses due to neonatal Calf diarrhea (NCD). Aiming to delineate this problem, we conducted bacteriological, serological, and molecular studies on 100 fecal swabs collected from diarrheic calves (1 day to 3 months) old from different farms in Gharbia Governorate, Egypt, from December 2021 to May 2022. The E. coli isolation rate was 34%, with the multi-drug resistance being a general trend in most isolates. Sero-grouping of E. coli resulted in the encountering of O1, O26, O44, O55, O115, O125, O127, O128 (5% for each type), O18, O119 (10% for each type) and K99 (25%). Virulence and resistance genes molecular investigation using PCR in 2 isolates of E. coli serotype(K99) revealed the presence of virulence genes (LT, STa) and resistance genes (qnrA, aac( 6)-IB-cr, blaTEM, KPC, Sul, and aadB). We concluded that the higher the stress the E. coli face from improperly using anti-bacterial drugs, the more advanced and new mechanisms the bacteria develop to overcome this challenge. Therefore, multi-drug resistant strains of E. coli are continuously emerging, posing serious threats to human and animal health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Molecular exploring of multidrug resistance update of E.coli causing neonatal calves’ diarrhea.

Sekeen,

Ragab,

Rizk

2023

Benha Veterinary Medical Journal

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“…Two main virulent factors are included; the fimbriae and the enterotoxins [ 5 ]. ETEC is skillful in generating 2 major types of enterotoxins; heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (STa and STb) enterotoxins, in both man and animal [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes Encoding the Virulence and the Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterotoxigenic and Shiga-toxigenic E. coli Isolated from Diarrheic Calves

Algammal

El-Kholy

Riad³

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Calf diarrhea is one of the considerable infectious diseases in calves, which results in tremendous economic losses globally. To determine the prevalence of Shiga-toxigenic E. coli (STEC) and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) incriminated in calf diarrhea, with special reference to Shiga- toxins genes (stx1 and stx2) and enterotoxins genes (lt and sta) that govern their pathogenesis, as well as the virulence genes; eaeA (intimin) and f41(fimbrial adhesion), and the screening of their antibiogram and antimicrobial resistance genes; aadB, sul1, and bla-TEM, a total of 274 fecal samples were collected (April 2018–Feb 2019) from diarrheic calves at different farms in El-Sharqia Governorate, Egypt. The bacteriological examination revealed that the prevalence of E. coli in diarrheic calves was 28.8%. The serotyping of the isolated E. coli revealed 7 serogroups; O26, O128, O111, O125, O45, O119 and O91. Furthermore, the Congo red binding test was carried out, where 89.8% of the examined strains (n = 71) were positive. The antibiogram of the isolated strains was investigated; the majority of E. coli serotypes exhibit multidrug resistance (MDR) to four antimicrobial agents; neomycin, gentamycin, streptomycin, and amikacin. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the prevalence of the virulence genes; stx1, stx2 lt, sta, f41 and eaeA, as well as the antimicrobial resistance genes; aadB, sul1, and bla-TEM. The prevalence of STEC was 20.2% (n = 16), while the prevalence of ETEC was 30.4% (n = 24). Briefly, the Shiga toxins genes; stx1 and stx2, are the most prevalent virulence genes associated with STEC, which are responsible for the pathogenesis of the disease and helped by the intimin gene (eaeA). In addition, the lt gene is the most prevalent enterotoxin gene accompanied by the ETEC strains, either alone or in combination with sta and/or f41 genes. The majority of pathogenic E. coli incriminated in calf diarrhea possesses the aadB resistance gene, followed by the sul1 gene. Enrofloxacin, florfenicol, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and ampicillin-sulbactam, are the most effective antimicrobial agents against the isolated STEC and ETEC strains.

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“…Our finding confirmed by Garcia et al, [16] who stated that calves are at greatest risk of diarrhea within the first month of life and the incidence of diarrhea decreases with age increase. on the contrary Olaogun et al, [17] concluded that higher percent of diarrhea observed in old calves than young ones in his study on the prevalence of diarrhea in calves in 12 farms in Oyo and Ogun states in South Western Nigeria and also reported that a total 120 out of 825 calve up to 6 month old (14.5%) showing signs of diarrhea. Different prevalence percent was investigated by Achá et al, [18] in 8 dairy farms in Mozambique at 4 occasions during 2 consecutive years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Higher percent of E. coli were isolated by Elseedy et al, [19] who concluded that out of 127 collected fecal samples from diarrheic calves, 119 (93.7%) bacterial isolates were recovered, including 23 (18.1%) Salmonella serovars and 96 (75.6%) were E. coli strains. On contrary, a lower E. coli isolation percent (10%) was isolated by Olaogun et al, [17] from three farms in Oyo and Ogun States, Nigeria and 45% by Paul et al, [20] in some selected areas of Bangladesh. Also among 84 diarrheic calves samples, 30 (35.71%) E. coli were isolated by Masud et al, [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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2019

VRV

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Calf Diarrhea: Epidemiological Prevalence and Bacterial Load in Oyo and Ogun States, Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

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Molecular exploring of multidrug resistance update of E.coli causing neonatal calves’ diarrhea.

Molecular exploring of multidrug resistance update of E.coli causing neonatal calves’ diarrhea.

Genes Encoding the Virulence and the Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterotoxigenic and Shiga-toxigenic E. coli Isolated from Diarrheic Calves

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