Calf circumference value for sarcopenia screening among older adults with stroke

Inoue, Tatsuro; Maeda, Keisuke; Shimizu, Akio; Nagano, Ayano; Ueshima, Junko; Sato, Keisuke; Murotani, Kenta

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2020.104290

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In particular, CC is considered a strong and reliable marker for skeletal muscle mass in the general population, which exhibited a high correlation with appendicular lean mass in a large-scale NHANES 1999–2006 cohort [ 36 ]. The good diagnostic performance of CC for detecting sarcopenia was affirmed in middle-aged and older adults [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 37 ] and in patients with chronic liver disease [ 38 ] and stroke [ 39 ]. In our patients undergoing PD, CC yielded the best correlation not only with ASMI but also with HGS among the three screening tools.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of SARC-F, Calf Circumference, and Their Combination for Sarcopenia Screening among Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis

et al. 2022

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Sarcopenia is frequently encountered in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). We evaluated and compared the diagnostic performance of a strength, assistance walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls (SARC-F) questionnaire, SARC-F combined with calf circumference (SARC-CalF), and calf circumference (CC) for screening sarcopenia among patients undergoing PD. We measured the appendicular skeletal muscle mass, evaluated using a multifrequency bioimpedance spectroscopy device, handgrip strength, and 6-m gait speed. SARC-F, SARC-CalF, and CC were obtained in all participants. Sarcopenia was defined using four different diagnostic criteria, including the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019, revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2), Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), and International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS). Among 186 enrolled patients undergoing PD (mean age 57.5 ± 14.1 years), the sarcopenia prevalence was 25.8–38.2% using the four definitions. The discriminative powers of SARC-CalF (range 0.648–0.748) and CC (range 0.652–0.813) against the four definitions were better than those exhibited by SARC-F (range 0.587–0.625), which achieved significant difference, except when adopting the criteria of the FNIH. After stratification by gender, the superiority of SARC-CalF and CC over SARC-F was maintained when AWGS 2019, EWGSOP2, and IWGS were applied. In conclusion, CC and SARC-CalF outperformed SARC-F in the diagnostic accuracy of sarcopenia among patients undergoing PD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of SARC-F, Calf Circumference, and Their Combination for Sarcopenia Screening among Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis

et al. 2022

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“…A meta-analysis of studies investigating the diagnostic accuracy of the SARC-F for sarcopenia [ 36 ] in older adults reported sensitivity and specificity estimates of 21% (95% CI: 13–31%) and 90% (95% CI: 83–94%), respectively [ 37 ]. In addition, the calf circumference assessment recommended by AWGS 2019 [ 10 ] for screening sarcopenia in older inpatients is associated with a respective sensitivity and specificity of 85% and 66% in men and 91% and 28% in women [ 11 ]. In the present study, the SNAQ for sarcopenia was associated with sensitivity and specificity values of 29.8% and 82.6%, respectively; these values were similar to SARC-F values reported previously [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mini Nutritional Assessment Tool Short Form (MNA-SF) [ 8 ] is a screening tool for undernutrition in older adults that is associated with satisfactory accuracy [ 9 ]. Sarcopenia screening tools include SARC-F and calf circumference [ 6 , 10 , 11 ]. These screening tools do not directly assess poor appetite, although they may assess food intake, physical function, and muscle mass [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire for Malnutrition and Sarcopenia Screening among Older Patients Requiring Rehabilitation

Shimizu

Fujishima²,

Maeda

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the accuracy of the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) and the SNAQ for Japanese Elderly (SNAQ-JE) for the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM)-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia screening in older persons. We included 380 inpatients aged ≥65 years (mean age, 79.3 ± 7.9; 60.0% women) and admitted to rehabilitation units. Undernutrition and sarcopenia were diagnosed based on GLIM criteria and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, respectively, using bioimpedance analysis. Poor appetite was defined as an SNAQ score of <14 points and an SNAQ-JE score of ≤14 points. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of these tools for detecting poor appetite for GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia were assessed. The rates of GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia were 56.8% and 59.2%, respectively. The number of patients with poor appetite was 94 (24.7%) for the SNAQ and 234 (61.6%) for the SNAQ-JE. The sensitivity and specificity of the SNAQ measured against GLIM-defined malnutrition were 32.9% and 73.1%, respectively, and against sarcopenia were 29.8% and 70.2%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the SNAQ-JE measured against GLIM-defined malnutrition were 82.6% and 51.0%, respectively, and against sarcopenia were 86.0% and 53.7%, respectively. The SNAQ-JE showed fair accuracy for GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia in older patients admitted to rehabilitation units.

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“…A recent study revealed that SARC-F identified 67.5% of patients at risk for sarcopenia with fair sensitivity (67–74%) and poor specificity (32–37%) [ 47 ]. Calf circumference has an accuracy of 77% for men (sensitivity, 85%; specificity, 66%) and 75% for women (sensitivity, 91%; specificity, 28%), although it is a valid proxy for appendicular skeletal muscle mass [ 48 ]. Due to this gap, some participants with definitive sarcopenia may not be included in the possible sarcopenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Characteristics between Older Adults Meeting Criteria for Sarcopenia and Possible Sarcopenia: From Research to Primary Care

Shin

Kim

Won

2022

IJERPH

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Identification of possible sarcopenia, which is a simple assessment of sarcopenia, has been proposed for the earlier detection of sarcopenia in primary care settings; however, there are no studies comparing the differences in characteristics of older adults with possible sarcopenia or sarcopenia. This study aimed to compare the characteristics of “possible sarcopenia” in real-world primary care and “sarcopenia” in research settings. A total of 2129 older adults were enrolled from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia were defined using Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019; the possible sarcopenia for real-world primary care was defined by a combination of case findings using low calf circumference or the SARC-F questionnaire and 5-times chair stand test, without considering the measurement of handgrip strength. The prevalence of possible sarcopenia was higher in women than in men; however, that of sarcopenia was higher in men than in women (all, p < 0.001). Older men and women with possible sarcopenia had a lower education level, longer time taken for the Timed Up and Go test, more severe mobility limitation, lower scores on the EuroQol-5 dimension and 12-item short-form survey for physical health, and more cognitive dysfunction than those with sarcopenia did (all, p < 0.05). In conclusion, the participants with possible sarcopenia differed from those with sarcopenia in some characteristics. Identifying differences in characteristics may be helpful to screening and earlier diagnosis of sarcopenia in real-world primary care, as well as in research, which can lay the foundations for personalized lifestyle intervention in diet and exercise.

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Calf circumference value for sarcopenia screening among older adults with stroke

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

A Comparison of SARC-F, Calf Circumference, and Their Combination for Sarcopenia Screening among Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis

A Comparison of SARC-F, Calf Circumference, and Their Combination for Sarcopenia Screening among Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis

Accuracy of the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire for Malnutrition and Sarcopenia Screening among Older Patients Requiring Rehabilitation

Differences in Characteristics between Older Adults Meeting Criteria for Sarcopenia and Possible Sarcopenia: From Research to Primary Care

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