Calculation of the pulse-height response of NaI(Tl) scintillation counters

Zerby, C.D.; Moran, H.S.

doi:10.1016/0029-554x(61)90062-3

Cited by 75 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This in volves rig or ous math e mat i cal treat ment of pho ton ab sorp tion in var i ous di rec tions and of ten leads to quite lengthy math e mat i cal ex pres sions. The work done by var i ous re search ers [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] be longs to the class of di rect meth ods for to tal ef fi ciency de ter mina tion. These meth ods rep re sent stan dard tech niques against which all other meth ods should be benchmarked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fast, primary-interaction Monte Carlo methodology for determination of total efficiency of cylindrical scintillation gamma-ray detectors

Rehman

Mirza

2009

NUCL TECH RAD PROT

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A primary-interaction based Monte Carlo algorithm has been developed for determination of the total efficiency of cylindrical scintillation g-ray detectors. This methodology has been implemented in a Matlab based computer program BPIMC. For point isotropic sources at axial locations with respect to the detector axis, excellent agreement has been found between the predictions of the BPIMC code with the corresponding results obtained by using hybrid Monte Carlo as well as by experimental measurements over a wide range of g-ray energy values. For off-axis located point sources, the comparison of the BPIMC predictions with the corresponding results obtained by direct calculations as well as by conventional Monte Carlo schemes shows good agreement validating the proposed algorithm. Using the BPIMC program, the energy dependent detector efficiency has been found to approach an asymptotic profile by increasing either thickness or diameter of scintillator while keeping the other fixed. The variation of energy dependent total efficiency of a 3'x3' NaI(Tl) scintillator with axial distance has been studied using the BPIMC code. About two orders of magnitude change in detector efficiency has been observed for zero to 50 cm variation in the axial distance. For small values of axial separation, a similar large variation has also been observed in total efficiency for 137Cs as well as for 60Co sources by increasing the axial-offset from zero to 50 cm

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fast, primary-interaction Monte Carlo methodology for determination of total efficiency of cylindrical scintillation gamma-ray detectors

Rehman

Mirza

2009

NUCL TECH RAD PROT

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“…Small computers used for on-line analysis have even smaller memory capacities and often no tape facilities. Zerby and Moran used a theoretical approach to calculate gamma-ray line shapes from a knowledge of the scintillator processes (9). The fits obtained, however, are not sufficient for quantitative analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of carbon-14 in the methoxyl group of organic compounds

Chubachi¹,

Kawano²,

Hamada³

1968

Anal. Chem.

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A technique for the simultaneous determination of methoxyl value and methoxyl-14C radioactivity in relabeled compounds is described. A compound which contains the methoxyl group is refluxed with Kirsten's reagent and methyl iodide generated is introduced into an absorption tube containing silica gel. After the methyl iodide has been weighed, the radioactivity of methyl iodide-14C is measured by either gas proportional or liquid scintillation counting. In the former, methyl iodide liberated from the absorption tube by heating is introduced into a dry combustion tube and carbon dioxide collected after the combustion is assayed. In the

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“…The peak broadening process make statistical estimations of fluctuations arising from the electron-hole pairs generated in the course of energy deposition and spectrum shaping within the detector electronics. The peak broadening distribution is approximately Gaussian in nature and its probability density function, g(E, Ē) is given by [16]:…”

Section: Jinst 12 P12015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo simulation of a NaI[Tl] detector's response function

2017

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A: Scintillator detector responses to gamma sources directly depend on the deposited energies of the gamma sources, enabling adequate detector calibration. Non-availability of gamma sources requires adoption of other means of parameterizing detector response functions within the energy range of interest. Computational means can be used to simulate series of random processes resulting in the deposition of gamma source energies and its conversion to voltage pulses. A Photon TRANsport (PTRAN) code was written to simulate a NaI(Tl) detector's responses to photon and electron interaction processes within the cylindrical crystal. The PTRAN general Monte Carlo code took into account photon transport in detector system with well-defined crystal geometry; and random processes within the detector system. The generated data were plotted to yield simulated pulse height spectra on exposing the scintillation detector to incident gamma sources within 0.2 to 2 MeV. The simulated full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the photopeaks of the sources resulted in detector energy resolution of 0.01% deviation from experiment for Cs-137 and 0.66% for the two lines of Co-60. The ratio of the peak-to-total area under the spectrum was simulated to be in good agreement with experimental value. The PTRAN code can be relied on in calculating the response functions when relevant and adequate number of gamma sources are not available. The code can also be modified to accommodate other detector crystals and different geometry types. K: Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons with matter, etc); Gamma detectors (scintillators, CZT, HPG, HgI etc); Solid state detectors; Ionization and excitation processes 1Corresponding author.

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Calculation of the pulse-height response of NaI(Tl) scintillation counters

Cited by 75 publications

References 4 publications

A fast, primary-interaction Monte Carlo methodology for determination of total efficiency of cylindrical scintillation gamma-ray detectors

A fast, primary-interaction Monte Carlo methodology for determination of total efficiency of cylindrical scintillation gamma-ray detectors

Determination of carbon-14 in the methoxyl group of organic compounds

Monte Carlo simulation of a NaI[Tl] detector's response function

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