Calculation of the parameters of an axial flux motor as an actuator of automotive systems

Abstract

Problem. Axial flux electric motors offer several significant advantages compared to electric motors of traditional design. Currently, scientific periodicals contain numerous publications regarding the development and use of axial flux electric motors with printed windings across various fields. These include applications such as HDD-drives in computer technology, fans and pumps of various capacities, propulsion systems for bicycles and motorcycles, including in-wheel motors, manipulator drives for machine tools and industrial robots, and even within space technologies. Research confirms the high efficiency and size-to-weight ratios of axial flux motors when modern technologies are employed. However, there is little information available regarding the application of such motors in automotive electromechanical equipment. A distinctive feature of automotive electrical systems is their predominantly 12 V onboard power supply, along with high demands on size-to-weight ratios and reliability in conditions of elevated vibrations and wide temperature ranges. In this context, the development of an axial flux motor for automotive applications becomes relevant, particularly as an actuating mechanism for auxiliary systems such as window lifters, windshield wipers, air conditioning, and cooling fans, etc. Goal. The goal of the article is to determine the feasibility of using an axial flux electric motor as an actuator for automotive auxiliary systems by comparing its calculated parameters with the parameters of motors of traditional design using modern technologies and materials. Methodology. The methods and algorithms used for the calculation of electric machines take into account the characteristics and physical processes specific to axial flux machines with printed windings and permanent magnet arrays. Results. A comparison of the obtained characteristics of the designed motor with the characteristics of a modern prototype of traditional design was conducted. Based on the comparison, it was determined that the designed motor has better size-to-weight ratios while maintaining energy performance. Consequently, a conclusion was drawn about the feasibility of using electric motors with axial flux as actuators for automotive auxiliary systems. Originality. The prototype of the designed motor is considered to be a 250 W DC motor with a supply voltage of 12 V. The imposed constraint on the external diameter of the designed motor is set to 100 mm. Practical value. At the same output power and nearly identical torque, the calculated motor exhibits higher size-to-weight ratios. The weight of the calculated motor is 46% of the weight of the prototype. With an external diameter 54% larger than the prototype, the axial length of the calculated motor is 73% smaller. The mass of the calculated motor is 2.34 times smaller than the mass of the prototype.