Calculation of Specific Dispersion of Pure Hydrocarbons and Petroleum Fractions

Lipkin, M. R.; Martin, C. C.

doi:10.1021/i560155a010

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As the boiling range is increased through the heavy gasoline to the kerosine and heating oil ranges, component analyses give way to compound type analyses (3, 4, 15) and the procedures are still not overly complex or time-consuming. In the gas oil and lubricating oil ranges, the literature has been concerned mostly with structural group analysis employing refractive indices, density, mean molecular weight, bromine number, specific dispersion, and ultimate analyses for carbon and hydrogen content (6,13,14). Van Nes and van Westen (18) have reduced the time requirements of their n-d-M method of structural group analysis to 1 to 2 hours and have shown many applications to refining operations.…”

Section: Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Compound Types in Heavy Petroleum Gas Oil

Lumpkin¹,

Johnson²

1954

Anal. Chem.

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Section: Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Compound Types in Heavy Petroleum Gas Oil

Lumpkin¹,

Johnson²

1954

Anal. Chem.

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“…Cuts 6 and 7 of the aromatic portion were subjected to the correlation of Martin and Sankin (16). Specific dispersions were calculated from density, refractive index, and molecular weight by the method of Lipkin and Martin (12). Cut 6 was found to contain 1.2 aromatic rings and 1.3 naphthenic rings per molecule, and cut 7, 1.1 and 1.5 rings, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Hydrocarbon Fraction of Gilsonite

Sugihara¹,

McCullough²

1956

Anal. Chem.

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It has been shown that 4 to 8% of hydrocarbon material can be separated from gilsonite by chromatography.This material has been named the "giltene fraction" of gilsonite. The giltenes contain 30 to 40% of aromatic molecules and 60 to 70% of naphthene molecules.A REVIEW of the literature on gilsonite (1, 3, 5, 14) revealed a lack of information on what could be accomplished by chromatographic techniques. Such an investigation was therefore undertaken. Chromatographic studies have been made on Canadian tar sands (9), LaBrea tar ( 23), a high-boiling shale oil distillate (6), and asphalt (8).In this investigation the initial separation of gilsonite was effected using Magnesol as the adsorbent with Celite added to increase permeability of the bed. The low cost and ready availability, as well as its demonstrated efficiency in the separation of carbohydrate derivatives (15) and products of pyrolysis of gilsonite (20), made the adsorbent attractive. Because gilsonite is highly soluble in benzene, its use in this chromatographic procedure appeared desirable. REAGENTS AND APPARATUSThe following reagents are used: Magnesol, a hydrated magnesium acid silicate, Westvaco Chlorine Products Co., South Charleston, W. Va.Celite, a diatomaceous earth, Johns-Manville Co., New York, N. Y.Silica gel No. 12, 28 to 200 mesh, Davison Chemical Corp., Baltimore, Md. 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane, spectral grade, Distillation Products Industries, Rochester, N. Y.The equipment needed is a Beckman spectrophotometer, Model DU; a Todd precise fractionation assembly with fractionating column, 5 mm. in inside diameter, Monel metal, spiralpacked; and a Perkin-Elmer recording infrared spectrophotometer, Model 21.

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“…The method employed is based on the measurement of the specific dispersion of the cut on an ordinary Abbe refracto meter. Laboratories not equipped to measure specific dispersion may find it possible to calculate this value from the 50% boiling point, density, and refractive index using the method of Lipkin and Martin (11). The weight per cent of aromatics in the cut is given by the equation of Grosse and Wackher (8): The specific dispersion of the aromatics present in the cut can be obtained from the graph in Figure 1 if the A.S.T.M.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…THE authors have recently reported (11) a polarographic method for determining cobalt by transforming cobalt(II) into the rose-colored amminocobalt(III) complex ion in ammoniacal solution. In this method, large amounts of copper as well as manganese and iron interfere.…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Aromatics and Olefins in Wide Boiling Petroleum Fractions

Spakowski¹,

Evans²,

Hibbard³

1950

Anal. Chem.

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A method is described for the analysis of wide boiling petroleum fractions with end points below 600°F. Chromatography is used to split the sample into four fractions: nonaromatic, intermediate, pure aromatic, and a pure aromatic "wash."The per cent aromatics in the intermediate fraction is determined by specific dispersion and the total aromatics in the sample is the sum of those found in the intermediate and final two fractions.Total olefins plus aromatics are determined by sulfonation and olefins by difference. Accuracies of 1% are attained with analysis times of less than 8 hours.

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Calculation of Specific Dispersion of Pure Hydrocarbons and Petroleum Fractions

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Identification of Compound Types in Heavy Petroleum Gas Oil

Identification of Compound Types in Heavy Petroleum Gas Oil

Analysis of Hydrocarbon Fraction of Gilsonite

Determination of Aromatics and Olefins in Wide Boiling Petroleum Fractions

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