Calculation of photoion-charge resolved 4d-shell photoelectron spectra of europium

Abstract

Photoelectron Eu 4d-shell spectra registered in coincidence with photoions , and produced by vacancy cascades are calculated using the yields of ions obtained by straightforward construction of de-excitation trees. The significant difference of the coincidence spectra from the normal-mode-detection spectrum is explained by the fact that for the high-spin state the Auger 4d - 4f4f decays are forbidden. A similar situation is expected to be seen for the atoms with ground state configurations , n<7.

Intermolecular Coulombic Decay in Endohedral Fullerene at the 4d→4f Resonance

“…The expected peak positions of the ICD were calculated from the energy difference between the orbitals of Ho ions with initial 5p and 5s vacancies, followed by the 4f orbital vacancy created in one of the neighboring Ho ion, or the valence orbital of the cage at the ICD step. Without this ICD step, the electron kinetic energy distribution is not expected to show any peak in this energy range, as previously calculated and measured for lanthanides [44,45]. To our knowledge, there are no other mechanisms that can give rise to electrons in this kinetic energy range for photo-excitation between hν = 149 eV and hν = 170 eV.…”

Term-dependent lifetime broadening effect on the 4d photoelectron spectrum of atomic thulium

“…By employing the methods of [17,18] the cross section of the photoabsorption processes 4d 10 4f 132 F 7/2 + hν → 4d 9 4f 13 EJ + εl (2) can be expressed in the form of the product…”

“…It is known that the 4d photoelectron spectra of the lanthanides with half-and less-than-half-filled 4f subshell have components with very different natural widths due to the fact that the very rapid 4d-4f4f super-Coster-Kronig (SCK) transitions are forbidden for the low-ionization-energy highspin components of the 4d 9 4f n multiplet [1][2][3]. A high-spin state 4d 9 4f n ( 2S max +1 L) is the state where the spins of all the 4f electrons and the spin of the 4d vacancy are parallel thus giving the total spin S max = n/2 + 1/2.…”

Final ion charge spectra upon cascade decay of inner-shell vacancies in atomic Au

“…The accuracy of measuring cascade final ion yields substantially increased with the possibility of using the synchrotron radiation for creating initial vacancies, and the time-of-flight mass spectrometers for counting ions [7][8][9][10][11][12]. New experimental techniques based on measuring Auger and photoelectrons in coincidence with cascade-produced ions were developed [13][14][15][16][17].…”