Calculation of Fundamental Structures by the Method of Deformations

Abstract

The unceasing process of urbanization all over the world and the constantly growingcost of land plots allotted for development makes investors, scientists and engineers look for and findways to reduce the unit cost of construction of useful areas of buildings and structures for variouspurposes.The most effective way to reduce the unit cost of construction of useful areas of buildings andstructures is to increase their number of storeys and depths of underground parts. But with an increasein the height of buildings, the loads on their foundations also increase, stimulating scientists andengineers to search for more advanced methods and methods for solving problems related todetermining the rational parameters of the foundations of buildings and structures, improving thequality and reliability of the calculation methods used.The results obtained using modern methods of calculating foundations in some cases lead to anoverestimation of the costs of building materials, in some – to a decrease in comparison with the realstrength and deformation indicators of the foundations of construction objects.This book describes a deformation method that allows you to improve the calculations of thestress-strain state of pile and some other types of foundations by expressing the deformations offoundation structures by the dependence of the foundation settlement on the rigidity of the«foundation-foundation» system and the coefficient of foundation rigidity, which varies along thelength or depth of the foundations, which will significantly improve the performance of buildings andstructures.Based on the hypothesis of direct proportionality (Winkler), we use the ability of such a modelof the basis to take any variable stiffness along the length of the structure that transmits the load tothe ground. Representing a system of unconnected springs of different stiffness, such a base is able tomimic the resolution of the currently used different models within the base of the foundations.
 However, outside the sole, Winkler cannot consider the resolution of the real soil in terms ofinteraction with adjacent foundations. Thus, we are going to take into account only the «internal»resolution of different models of the basis. It is not difficult to obtain this information using analyticaland numerical methods for determining the stress-strain state of the soil base.