Calculation of Energy Expenditure in Women Using the MET System

Forsum, Elisabet; Löf, Marie; Schoeller, Dale A.

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000228947.93270.2e

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It may be that the accepted adjustments for body composition are simply not adequate and this becomes obvious when comparing two populations with such different body sizes and composition. Specifically, AEE is a product of the time spent in physical activity, the intensity of the physical activities, and the weight of the subject performing those physical activities (41,42). Thus a simple linear adjustment for weight may be insufficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Expenditure and Adiposity in Nigerian and African‐American Women

Ebersole

Dugas

Durazo‐Arvizu

et al. 2008

Obesity

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Objective: Obesity is a prevalent condition in industrialized societies and is increasing around the world. We sought to assess the relative importance of resting energy expenditure (REE) and activity EE (AEE) in two populations with different rates of obesity. Methods and Procedures: Women of African descent between 18 and 59 years of age were recruited from rural Nigeria and from metropolitan Chicago. Total EE (TEE) was measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) technique and REE by indirect calorimetry; AEE was calculated as the difference between TEE and the sum of REE plus a factor for the thermic effect of food. In the analyses all EE parameters were adjusted for body size using a regression method. Comparisons were made between the groups and associations between EE and adiposity examined. Results: A total of 149 Nigerian and 172 African-American women completed the protocol. All body size measurements were lower in the Nigerian women. Adjusted TEE and REE were higher in the Nigerian cohort but adjusted AEE did not differ significantly. Adjustment for parity, seasonality, and recent illness did not modify mean AEE or adiposity. In neither cohort was there a meaningful association between measures of AEE and adiposity. Discussion: In these cohorts of women from very different environments, AEE did not differ significantly nor was it associated cross-sectionally with adiposity. If generalizable, these findings suggest that reduction in AEE may have less of a role in the development of obesity than anticipated. The possibility remains that variation in type and duration of activity plays a role not captured by total AEE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Expenditure and Adiposity in Nigerian and African‐American Women

Ebersole

Dugas

Durazo‐Arvizu

et al. 2008

Obesity

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“…BMR has been shown to increase as pregnancy progresses. 16,29,30 In a review by Butte based on 261 women from eight studies, it was found that the average increase in BMR was 4%, 10% and 24% during the first, second and third trimesters, respectively. 31 However, this increase in BMR is not always predictable and it may even decrease during the first part of pregnancy and persist into the second half of pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, researchers have speculated that a MET for a specific activity may be lowered as pregnancy advances due to increases in basal metabolic rate (BMR) associated with pregnancy. 11 Despite these observations and the acknowledgment that the current MET system is not appropriate for use during pregnancy, 11,16 many pregnancy-related studies continue to utilize the MET system. [17][18][19][20] The current study builds on this prior work by including rest, additional activities of daily living and walking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The modified obstetric metabolic equivalent (MET): finding a MET that fits in pregnancy

Campbell

Foster

Lanningham-Foster

et al. 2012

J Devel Orig Health Dis

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The Compendium of Physical Activities (CPA) provides the energy expenditure (EE) for hundreds of daily activities reported in metabolic equivalents (MET). It remains to be determined if the metabolic changes of pregnancy alter the use of the CPA MET (METCPA) in this population. The energy cost of rest, activities of daily living (ADL; typing, folding laundry and sweeping) and treadmill walking [2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mph (0% incline), 3.0 mph (3% incline)] were compared with the METCPA from the 2000 and 2011 CPA in 30 pregnant women (10-14 weeks gestation) using indirect calorimetry (IC). The METCPA for each activity was compared against two measured IC values: METabsolute (3.5 ml O2/kg/min) and METratio (EEactivity/EErest). Means for both comparisons were tested by one-sample t-test. Measured MET correlated with the 2011 METCPA: METabsolute v. METCPA R 2 = 0.906, P < 0.0001; METratio v. METCPA R 2 = 0.861, P < 0.0001. Differences between measured MET values and the 2011 METCPA ranged from 16% underestimation to 48% overestimation. Using the absolute definition, the METCPA significantly overestimated the ADL (P < 0.0005); yet, no significant differences were found between walking at 0% grade and METCPA. Conversely, only folding laundry was significantly different with the ratio definition, whereas walking at a level grade was significantly underestimated (P < 0.0001). Similar observations were found using the 2000 CPA. The use of the METCPA to estimate EE in pregnant women can result in significant over- or underestimation, depending on the activity and the definition of the MET that is used.

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“…Self-reported physical activity is commonly used in these studies to estimate energy expenditure, which is calculated indirectly using the multiple of MET by consulting the Compendium of Physical Activity 8 . However, Forsum et al 2 observed that the total energy expenditure of 15 healthy pregnant women at 32 weeks gestation predicted with the standard MET system was underestimated -multiplying BMR by the MET value and by the duration of the activity -when compared to the values obtained with the gold standard (doubly labeled water method).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Butte et al 1 , the traditional approach to the determination of nutritional requirements only considers the increase in the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of pregnant women, but may underestimate the true energy requirements since it does not consider energy expenditure during physical activity and the thermic effect of feeding. Thus, efforts have been made to determine not only the increase in the BMR during pregnancy, but also that resulting from physical exercise in order to potentiate its health benefits for the woman and child [1][2][3][4][5] . Since the leisure physical activity most commonly performed by women during pregnancy is walking 6 , studies have investigated the energy expenditure of women during this type of exercise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparação entre equações preditivas do gasto calórico de gestantes em repouso e exercício

Fernandes

Takito

2015

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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-The regular changes that occur during pregnancy increase energy expenditure at rest and during exercise. Prediction models are practical tools that facilitate the estimation of energy expenditure. The objective of this study was to analyze the reliability of prediction models of energy expenditure for pregnant women in two situations, at rest and during light-intensity exercise, compared to indirect calorimetry. Energy expenditure was measured in 10 pregnant women during the second trimester of gestation (23.5 ± 3.7 weeks) at rest and during light-intensity treadmill walking (4 km/h) using indirect calorimetry and the prediction models proposed by Hronek (rest) and Pivarnik (exercise). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots were used for comparison of the methods. A low correlation was observed at rest and during exercise [ICC=0.531 (-0.185; 0.814) and ICC=0.124 (-1.213; 0.653), respectively]. At rest, daily energy expenditure tended to be overestimated with increasing indirect calorimetry values. During exercise, the equation tended to underestimate the energy expenditure of pregnant women as it increased. In conclusion, the prediction models analyzed showed a low correlation with indirect calorimetry, overestimating daily energy expenditure at rest and underestimating energy expenditure during light-intensity exercise. Thus, practical and low-cost tools such as predictive equations cannot always be used safely in professional practice and care should be taken to apply them to groups with altered physiological conditions, such as pregnant women. Key words: Energy metabolism; Exercise; Pregnant women. 0.814]) quanto para o exercício 0.653] Resumo -As alterações naturais características da gestação resultam no aumento do gasto energético das mulheres, tanto durante o repouso quanto durante o exercício. As equações de predição surgem como ferramentas práticas para facilitar a estimativa desse dispêndio de energia, importante ao equilíbrio energético adequado e saudável deste período. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a confiabilidade de equações de predição do gasto calórico desenvolvidas para gestantes no repouso e na atividade física de intensidade leve quando comparadas à calorimetria indireta. Obteve-se o gasto calórico de 10 mulheres no segundo trimestre gestacional (23.5±3.7 semanas), durante o repouso e na caminhada (4 km/h) por calorimetria indireta, comparando-o com o valor obtido nas equações de Hronek para o repouso, e de Pivarnik para a caminhada. Para a comparação, foi realizado o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) e a análise gráfica de

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Calculation of Energy Expenditure in Women Using the MET System

Abstract: : In individuals with a TBF content typical for contemporary Western women, standard TEE is lower than proposed TEE. This bias increases as the TBF content of subjects increases. The results indicate that proposed TEE is more accurate than standard TEE, but this requires confirmation.

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Energy Expenditure and Adiposity in Nigerian and African‐American Women

Energy Expenditure and Adiposity in Nigerian and African‐American Women

The modified obstetric metabolic equivalent (MET): finding a MET that fits in pregnancy

Comparação entre equações preditivas do gasto calórico de gestantes em repouso e exercício

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