Calculation of bloodstain impact angles using an Active Bloodstain Shape Model

Joris, Philip X.; Develter, Wim; Jenar, Els; Suetens, Paul; Vandermeulen, Dirk; Voorde, Wim Van de; Claes, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.jofri.2014.09.004

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The procedure for the analysis is standard and follows this scheme: (a) stains selection [16]; (b) measurement of the position of the stains; (c) measurement of the size and of the directionality of the stains [17]; (d) calculation of the angles of impact [1,6] and of their relative uncertainties [13,18,19,20]; (e) detection of the area of convergence [13]; (f) reconstruction of the blooddrop trajectories and identification of the area of origin [4,21]. More in detail:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing and validating AnTraGoS algorithms with impact beating spatters

Camana,

Gori,

De Rosa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The reconstruction of the area of origin of spatter patterns is usually a fundamental step to the determination of the area of the crime scene where the victim was wounded. In this field, for almost a decade, the italian Polizia di Stato has employed AnTraGoS, a forensic software which implements a probabilistic approach to identify the area where the horizontal projections of the trajectories of a set of blood drops converge (area of convergence) and to estimate the height of origin. In this paper we summarize a series of tests performed on a published dataset of spatter patterns, whose results confirm the validity of AnTraGoS and of its algorithms. As a side result, some useful suggestions are derived, concerning the determination of the height of origin, within a statistical and fluid dynamic approach.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing and validating AnTraGoS algorithms with impact beating spatters

Camana,

Gori,

De Rosa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…HemoVision is a software package for impact pattern analysis that uses fiducial markers (the black and white checkerboard patterns seen in Figure 5) and computer vision methods to remove most manual work from the process of AO estimation. Below is a brief summary of how HemoVision works, though more detailed descriptions can be found in [3,8].…”

Section: Hemovisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individual blood droplets create elliptical bloodstains typically only a few millimetres in size, whereas the overall pattern generally has a fan-shaped appearance. Because there is a distinct relationship between a stain's shape and its impact angle [2,3], experts can estimate a stain's impact angle and reconstruct its trajectory. By analysing the convergence of multiple trajectories, experts can then determine the spatial source of the bloodstain pattern, referred to as the Area of Origin (AO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bloodstain impact pattern Area of Origin estimation using least-squares angles: A HemoVision validation study

Joris

Jenar

Moermans

et al. 2022

Forensic Science International

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“…Attinger et al compared fluid dynamics in bloodstain pattern analysis and pointed out that based on the fluid dynamics of blood, there can be a great deal of possible variations within individual patterns. There are some research groups like Kabaliuk et al or Joris P et al , who use numerical models for predicting the trajectory of blood drops. However, there is no published study on the dynamics of cast‐off pattern using high‐speed video analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Dynamics and Morphology of Cast‐off Pattern at Different Speed Levels Using High‐speed Digital Video Imaging

Kunz

Adamec

Grove

2016

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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During a bloodstain pattern analysis, one of the essential tasks is to distinguish between different kinds of applied forces as well as to estimate their level of intensity. In this study, high-speed digital imaging has been used to analyze the formation of cast-off patterns generated by a simulated backswing with a blood-bearing object. For this purpose, 0.5 mL blood was applied evenly over the last 5 cm of a blade simulant. Bloodstains were created through the controlled acceleration of a backswing at different speed levels between 1.1 m/sec and 3.8 m/sec. The flight dynamics of blood droplets were captured with an Olympus i-Speed 3 high-speed digital camera with a Nikon AF Nikkor 50 mm f/1.8 D lens and analyzed using the Olympus i-Speed 3 Viewer software. The video analysis showed that, during the backswing, blood droplets would move toward the lower end of the knifepoint and would be tangentially thrown off. These droplets impacted on the horizontal surface according to the arc of the swing. An increase in velocity led to longer cast-off patterns with distinct morphological characteristics. Under laboratory conditions, bloodstain pattern analysis allows certain conclusions about the intensity of a backswing and provides instructions on the position of the offender. However, due to the number of unknown variables at a crime scene, such interpretation of cast-off patterns is extremely limited and should be performed with extreme caution.

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Calculation of bloodstain impact angles using an Active Bloodstain Shape Model

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Testing and validating AnTraGoS algorithms with impact beating spatters

Testing and validating AnTraGoS algorithms with impact beating spatters

Bloodstain impact pattern Area of Origin estimation using least-squares angles: A HemoVision validation study

Analyzing the Dynamics and Morphology of Cast‐off Pattern at Different Speed Levels Using High‐speed Digital Video Imaging

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