Calculating Millimeter-Wave Modes of Copper Twisted-Pair Cables Using Transformation Optics

Hejazi, A.; Stockman, Gert-Jan; Lefevre, Yannick; Ginis, Vincent; Coomans, Werner

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3070192

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As the dielectric constant increases, the propagation constant of the supported modes increases as well. From (10), the resulting stop band is expected to shift to lower frequencies. Similarly reducing the dielectric constant causes the stop band to shift to higher frequencies.…”

Section: Effects Of Dielectric Constantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it was suggested to exploit other modes supported by copper cables [8]. First studies hinted at data rates up to terabit/s using multiple modes in the low THz frequency range simultaneously [9], [10]. However, the simulated data rate again quickly decreased with link length due to high intrinsic losses of the modes involved in propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Advanced Modeling of Surface Waves on Twisted Pair Cables: Surface Wave Stopbands

Schaich

Dinc

Molnár

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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At the network access layer, optical fibre deployment continues at pace but copper cables containing twisted pairs will remain for some time and face an increasing bandwidth and data rate demand. Surface waves have been proposed to address these requirements. This paper reports and investigates the existence of stop bands reaching over 50 dB insertion loss on 1 metre long, typical final drop cables under surface wave excitation at a few GHz. Coupled mode analysis shows that lack of helical symmetry enables the formation of a stop band in systems containing twisted pairs. A representative core model containing a single twisted pair alongside a straight wire is thoroughly studied. Numerical simulations and measurements confirm the crucial dependence of the stop band frequency on the twist rate of the twisted pair. Further investigation into the role of the dielectric coating and the distance of the straight wire are performed as well. Finally, in systems with multiple twisted pairs, we find that the twist rate associated with any pair can create a stop band effectively limiting surface wave propagation. Thus, careful design and deployment strategies are required for use of surface waves on legacy copper networks.

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Section: Effects Of Dielectric Constantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Modeling of Surface Waves on Twisted Pair Cables: Surface Wave Stopbands

Schaich

Dinc

Molnár

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a more recent paper 14 , 1 Tbps data rate was achieved in a two-wire line with metal sheet up to 10 m distance by using a similar vectoring technique to exploit the modal diversity of the waveguide at 200 GHz. Furthermore, Hejazi et al 15 investigated the millimetre-wave spectrum in TP cables by using transformation optics based numerical simulations to calculate the properties of the waveguide modes and their spatial harmonics. This paper also showed that 1 Tbps can be achieved over a twisted-pair with a plastic sheath up to 10 m. Although there are several papers on investigating millimetre wave and THz frequency spectrum over the copper network, experimental work is still at its infancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the upper bound of high-frequency electromagnetic waves on unshielded twisted copper pairs

et al. 2022

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This paper explores the behaviour of the ubiquitous twisted pairs at high frequencies and wideband excitation of twisted pairs up to 12 GHz. Higher carrier frequencies on twisted pairs can enable the data rates required by the future communication networks; hence, the existing copper infrastructure can be utilised on the last mile complementing the fibre networks. In this paper, we show a fundamental limit on the operating frequency of twisted pairs beyond which twisted pairs start to radiate and behave like an antenna. To validate our theoretical derivations through measurements, we designed a microstrip balun to excite the differential mode on the twisted pairs. At the end, we demonstrate that the standard twisted pairs used in the UK can be used up to 5 GHz carrier frequency without any radiation effect and this upper-bound can be moved to higher frequencies by decreasing the twist lengths.

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Calculating Millimeter-Wave Modes of Copper Twisted-Pair Cables Using Transformation Optics

Abstract: have contributed equally. † Joint supervision of this work.

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Advanced Modeling of Surface Waves on Twisted Pair Cables: Surface Wave Stopbands

Advanced Modeling of Surface Waves on Twisted Pair Cables: Surface Wave Stopbands

Investigating the upper bound of high-frequency electromagnetic waves on unshielded twisted copper pairs

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