Calculated respiratory exposure to indoor size-fractioned polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban environment

Zhang, Kai; Zhang, Baozhong; Li, Shao-Meng; Wong, Charles S.; Zeng, Eddy Y.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.059

Cited by 55 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Coarse particle-bound OPFRs were mainly deposited in the head airway, while fine particlebound OPFRs were deposited in the tracheobronchial and alveoli regions (Figs. 4 and S9), a finding similar to our previous results with PBDEs [5] and PAHs [40].…”

Section: Human Health Risk Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 91%

Size-dependent atmospheric deposition and inhalation exposure of particle-bound organophosphate flame retardants

Luo

Bao

Guo

et al. 2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Human Health Risk Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 91%

Size-dependent atmospheric deposition and inhalation exposure of particle-bound organophosphate flame retardants

Luo

Bao

Guo

et al. 2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…The predominance of other SVOCs in fine particles has been widely observed, including PAHs in the same samples, 12 in indoor air of Guangzhou, 32 in urban and suburban areas of Saitama City in Japan, 29 and in Massachusetts. 28 Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans were also observed predominantly in fine particles.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Size-Dependent Dry Deposition of Airborne Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Urban Guangzhou, China

Zhang

et al. 2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Gaseous and size-segregated particulate PBDEs (specifically in the air were measured in urban Guangzhou at 100 and 150 m above the ground in daytime and at night in August and December 2010, to assess dry deposition of these contaminants accurately with regards to influences of meteorological factors but without confounding surface effects. Particulate PBDEs were more abundant at night than in daytime, and slightly higher in winter than in summer, likely from varying meteorological conditions and atmospheric boundary layers. More than 60% of particulate-phase PBDEs was contained in particles with an aerodynamic diameter (D p ) below 1.8 μm, indicating long-range transport potential. . Deposition fluxes of all PBDE congeners were significantly higher in daytime than at night for both months, due to the effect of diurnal variability of meteorological factors. In addition, mean overall particle deposition velocities of individual BDE congeners ranged from 0.11 to 0.28 cm s −1. These values were within a factor of 2 of assumed values previously used in southern China and the Laurentian Great Lakes, suggesting that such assumptions were reasonable for sites with similar particulate size distributions and PBDE sources. Dry deposition velocities of PBDEs were lower at night than those in the daytime, probably reflecting higher mechanical and thermal turbulence during daytime. Dry deposition of particulate-bound PBDEs is influenced by short-term temporal variability from meteorological factors, and also by particulate size fractions.

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“…18 The deposition efficiencies of HFRs in the AR were 5−10%, close to or slightly lower than those of PAHs, i.e., 16−19%, 18 8.6− 10.2%, 20 and 23−28%. 38 The difference between the deposition efficiencies of HFRs and PAHs in the AR may be attributed to different particle size distributions of these contaminant classes.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Similar findings have also been reported in previous studies. 18,20,21 For example, Kawanaka et al found that ultrafine particles contributed 10−30% to the amounts of PAHs deposited in the AR but only 1.3−2.3% to the total amounts in the particle mass. 18 Apparently, particle size distribution is a critical factor in dictating human inhalation exposure to particle-bound HFRs and related health risk.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Characterization for Resident Inhalation Exposure to Particle-Bound Halogenated Flame Retardants in a Typical E-Waste Recycling Zone

Luo

Bao

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Inhalation of pollutants is an important exposure route for causing human health hazards, and inhalation exposure assessment must take into account particle size distribution because particle-bound pollutants are size-dependent. Such information is scarce, particularly for residents dwelling within e-waste recycling zones where abundant atmospheric halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) commonly used in electronic/electrical devices have been widely reported. Atmospheric size-fractioned particle samples were collected using a 10-stage Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor from an e-waste recycling zone in South China. The deposition efficiencies and fluxes of sizefractioned HFRs including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), alternative brominated flame retardants, and Dechlorane Plus in the human respiratory tract were estimated using the International Commission on Radiological Protection deposition model. The majority of HFRs was found to deposit in the head airways, with coarse particles (aerodynamic diameter (Dp) > 1.8 μm) contributing the most (69−91%). Conversely, fine particles (Dp < 1.8 μm) were dominant in the alveolar region (62−80%). The inhalation intake of PBDEs within the e-waste recycling zone was 44 ng/d (95% confidence interval (CI): 30−65 ng/d), close to those through food consumption in non-e-waste recycling regions. The estimated total hazard quotient of particle-bound HFRs was 5.6 × 10 −4 (95%

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Calculated respiratory exposure to indoor size-fractioned polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban environment

Cited by 55 publications

References 37 publications

Size-dependent atmospheric deposition and inhalation exposure of particle-bound organophosphate flame retardants

Size-dependent atmospheric deposition and inhalation exposure of particle-bound organophosphate flame retardants

Size-Dependent Dry Deposition of Airborne Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Urban Guangzhou, China

Health Risk Characterization for Resident Inhalation Exposure to Particle-Bound Halogenated Flame Retardants in a Typical E-Waste Recycling Zone

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