Calculated prostate cancer volume greater than 4.0 cm3 identifies patients with localized prostate cancer who have a poor prognosis following radical prostatectomy or external-beam radiation therapy.

D’Amico, A.V.; Whittington, Richard; Malkowicz, S. Bruce; Schultz, Daniel; Kaplan, Irving; Beard, Clair J.; Tomaszewski, Jeffery; Aa, Renshaw; Loughlin, K.R.; Richie, Jerome P.; Aj, Wein

doi:10.1200/jco.1998.16.9.3094

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Recently, several investigators have shown that the volume of prostate cancer is strongly associated with capsular penetration, seminal vesicle invasion and lymph node metastasis, suggesting that the tumor volume could be used as a useful prognostic predictor 1–5 . Therefore, it seems reasonable to consider tumor volume as a predictor of clinical significance in small prostate cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of potentially insignificant prostate cancer in men undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinically organ‐confined disease

et al. 2005

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Background : The objectives of the present study were to characterize, according to tumor significance, the clinicopathological features of patients with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy, and to determine useful parameters for predicting insignificant disease before surgery . Methods : In this series, we included 195 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically organ-confined prostate cancer at our institution between January 1999 and November 2003. Several clinicopathological factors were analyzed, focusing on whether the largest tumor volume in radical prostatectomy specimens was ≥ 0.5 cm 3 or < 0.5 cm 3 , which is the criterion defined to distinguish insignificant cancer from significant cancer . Results : Potentially insignificant cancer was detected in 28 of 195 patients (14.4%). There were significant differences between patients with insignificant disease and those with significant disease in serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) as well as all biopsy parameters, with the exception of biopsy Gleason score. Furthermore, final pathological examination demonstrated that these two patient groups showed significant differences in Gleason score and the incidence of extraprostatic disease extension. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that tumor volume in the prostatectomy specimens was significantly associated with serum PSA and all biopsy parameters; however, each of the correlations was comparatively weak. There was no single parameter that could viewed as a useful predictor of tumor significance. The best model for predicting insignificant tumor was the combined use of biopsy Gleason score < 7 and percent of positive biopsy core (PPBC) < 15%; however, the further addition of serum PSA < 10 ng/mL to these two parameters failed to enhance the predictive value of cancer significance . Conclusions : These findings indicate that clinicopathological findings suggesting favorable features are well observed in patients with potentially insignificant prostate cancer compared to those with significant prostate cancer, and the combination of a biopsy Gleason score < 7 and PPBC < 15% might be useful as a predictor of insignificant disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of potentially insignificant prostate cancer in men undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinically organ‐confined disease

et al. 2005

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“…Although the widely used Gleason grading system attempts to control for heterogeneity of the glands and multifocality of cancerous lesions by summing the 2-3 most commonly observed histological patterns via inspection of multiple (typically 8 -12) core biopsies, cancerous foci are still often missed (2,6) providing only partial information that can lead to imprecise diagnoses and prognoses. Pathologic staging remains the gold standard for disease staging and risk assessment (7,8); however, this process lacks timeliness in discriminating organ-confined from extracapsular disease. Indeed, one-third of individuals with nonorgan-confined disease are identified only after surgery (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Direct Expressed Prostatic Secretions of Men with Organ-confined Versus Extracapsular Prostate Cancer

Kim

Ignatchenko

Yao

et al. 2012

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Current protocols for the screening of prostate cancer cannot accurately discriminate clinically indolent tumors from more aggressive ones. One reliable indicator of outcome has been the determination of organ-confined versus nonorgan-confined disease but even this determination is often only made following prostatectomy. This underscores the need to explore alternate avenues to enhance outcome prediction of prostate cancer patients. Fluids that are proximal to the prostate, such as expressed prostatic secretions (EPS), are attractive sources of potential prostate cancer biomarkers as these fluids likely bathe the tumor. Direct-EPS samples from 16 individuals with extracapsular (n ‫؍‬ 8) or organ-confined (n ‫؍‬ 8) prostate cancer were used as a discovery cohort, and were analyzed in duplicate by a nine-step MudPIT on a LTQ-Orbitrap XL mass spectrometer. A total of 624 unique proteins were identified by at least two unique peptides with a 0.2% false discovery rate. A semiquantitative spectral counting algorithm identified 133 significantly differentially expressed proteins in the discovery cohort. Integrative data mining prioritized 14 candidates, including two known prostate cancer biomarkers: prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase, which were significantly elevated in the direct-EPS from the organ-confined cancer group. These and five other candidates (SFN, MME, PARK7, TIMP1, and TGM4) were verified by Western blotting in an independent set of direct-EPS from patients with biochemically recurrent disease (n ‫؍‬ 5) versus patients with no evidence of recurrence upon follow-up (n ‫؍‬ 10). Lastly, we performed proof-of-concept SRM-MSbased relative quantification of the five candidates using unpurified heavy isotope-labeled synthetic peptides spiked into pools of EPS-urines from men with extracapsular and organ-confined prostate tumors. This study represents the first efforts to define the direct-EPS proteome from two major subclasses of prostate cancer using shotgun proteomics and verification in EPS-urine by SRM-MS. Molecular & Cellular

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“…Tumor volume is a powerful predictor of the behavior of prostatic adenocarcinoma, as has been demonstrated in previous studies 1, 2, 4, 23–33. In a study of 379 men with prostate carcinoma, Stamey et al23 found that tumor volume was an independent predictor of disease progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Standstill frequency response test analyzer by using Excel Macros for educational purposes

Vahidi

Tavakoli

2012

Comp Applic In Engineering

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Accurate knowledge characteristics of a synchronous generator are very essential to have an idea of its operation conditions. In the presented paper generator standstill frequency response tests is used as an approach to derive dynamic models and equivalent circuits descriptive of machine behavior for dynamic studies by using Excel Macros. The method is described and applied to a case study. The extraction process for obtaining the parameters is demonstrated. Evaluation of the method with 20 senior under graduate students and 20 junior power system engineers is very positive in terms of their developing confidence in and understanding of this test and deriving the dynamic model. ß

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Calculated prostate cancer volume greater than 4.0 cm3 identifies patients with localized prostate cancer who have a poor prognosis following radical prostatectomy or external-beam radiation therapy.

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Prediction of potentially insignificant prostate cancer in men undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinically organ‐confined disease

Prediction of potentially insignificant prostate cancer in men undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinically organ‐confined disease

Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Direct Expressed Prostatic Secretions of Men with Organ-confined Versus Extracapsular Prostate Cancer

Standstill frequency response test analyzer by using Excel Macros for educational purposes

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