Calculated and measured transmittance of metallodielectric photonic crystals incorporating flat metal elements

Abstract

A three-dimensional metallodielectric photonic crystal (MDPC) that utilizes planar metal scattering elements in a dielectric medium has been studied in the microwave regime, both experimentally and theoretically. The metal elements are circular copper patches defined on thin dielectric sheets, which are alternately stacked with thicker polyethylene sheets to form a (111)-oriented face-centered-cubic lattice. A photonic stop band has been measured from this “flat-atom” MDPC at 8.4 GHz with a rejection level of 18 dB per lattice period and a width of 50% of the center frequency. Calculations show excellent agreement with measured stop band characteristics, including a similar angular dependence and insensitivity to interplane registration.

2-D Terahertz Metallic Photonic Crystals in Parallel-Plate Waveguides

“…Most microwave photonic crystals have consisted of arrays of dielectric or metal spheres, arrays of cylinders, or arrays of square rods, sometimes supported by dielectric templates. These techniques have enabled the construction and experimental characterization of both 2-D [5]- [10], [17], [20], [23]- [26], [28], [29], [31] and 3-D [11], [12], [14]- [16], [18], [19], [22], [27], [30], [37] photonic crystals. Typical photonic crystals are of the order of ten lattice spacings long by 20 spacings wide with lattice spacings of the order of the wavelength.…”

Two-dimensional photonic crystal at THz frequencies constructed by metal-coated cylinders

“…The minimum of transmission was found near the frequency of 2.2 THz ͑corresponding to a wavelength of 138 m, very close to the lattice constant of 140 m͒ showing good agreement with this simple rule of thumb. 9 As the sample thickness increases to three layers, the frequency of the transmission dips remains unchanged while its amplitude decreases from Ϫ34 to Ϫ42 dB. It indicates the effect of increasing the sample thickness, showing that the EM waves have been modulated by the periodicity of dielectric constant and experienced at least partial Bragg scattering.…”

“…Photonic band gaps ͑PBGs͒, a fundamental property of photonic crystals ͑PCs͒, provides the ability to manipulate the propagation of electromagnetic ͑EM͒ waves, leading to applications in photonic components such as filter, polarizer, and reflector. 4 -7 Although most experimental studies of PC materials focused on the microwave, [7][8][9] infrared, 10,11 and visible light 12,13 regions, PCs in the THz range have been fabricated by laser rapid prototyping 14 and other methods. 6,15 Metallic photonic crystals ͑MPCs͒ have been studied intensively recently because they have the advantage over dielectric PCs in creating larger PBG in a small number of lattice periods.…”

Metallodielectric photonic crystals and resonators

“…The stop bandwidth of these photonic crystals can be enhanced using metals, which have large imaginary refractive indices at microwave and millimeter frequencies. Metallodielectric photonic crystals composed of flat atom metal elements 15 , metallic island elements 16 , wire meshes 17 , and spheres have already been investigated experimentally 18 and theoretically 19 at microwave frequencies. However, some applications require the inclusion of defects in the metallic photonic crystal to select a transmitting state within the stop band 20 .…”