Calcium signaling modulators: a novel pharmacological intervention to delay aging in Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract

§ g-CD: gamma-cyclodextrin § [Ca 2+ ]cyt: cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration § [Ca 2+ ]ER: endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ concentration § 2,5-BHQ: 2,5-di-tert-butylhidroquinone § 2,6-BHQ: 2,6-di-tert-butylhidroquinone § ACh: acetylcholine § AMPK: adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase § ATF-4: activating transcription factor-4 § ATF-6: activating transcription factor-6 § ATG: autophagy related proteins § BLPS: body lengths per second § CaMKKb:elegans nicotinic acetylcholine receptor § EPG: electropharyngeogram § EPSP: excitatory post-synaptic potential § ER: endoplasmic reticulum § ETC: electron transport chain § FRET: fluorescence resonance-energy transfer § FuDR: 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine § GFP: green fluorescent protein § HS: heat Shock § HSF: heat shock transcriptional factors § HSPs: heat shock proteins § HVA: high voltage activated current § I1-I5: pharyngeal interneurons § IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor 1 § IIS: insulin/Insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway § ILPs: insulin-like peptide ligands § IPSPs: small notch hyperpolarizations § IRE-1: inositol-requiring-kinase-1 ABBREVIATIONS § LKB1: serine/threonine kinase 11 § M1-M5: pharyngeal motroneurons § MAMs: Mitochondria-ER Associated Membranes § mc: pharyngeal marginal cells § MCs: pharyngeal MC neurons § mTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin § NMJ: neuromuscular junction § NSMs: neurosecretory-motor neurons § O/N: overnight § OP50: E. coli bacterial strain § PAS: Phagophore assembly site § PERK: protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase § pm1-pm8: pharyngeal muscular segments § RNAi: RNA of interference § ROS: Radical oxygen species § SIRTs: sirtuins: silent information regulator proteins. § TAK1: transforming growth factor-b-activated kinase 1 § Tg: thapsigargin § UPS: Ubiquitin/Proteasome system § VDCC: voltage dependent Ca 2+ channels § WHO: World Health Organization § XBP-1: X-box binding protein 1 C. elegans STRAINS AQ2038 pmyo2::YC2.1 Cameleon YC2.1 Cytosolic Ca 2+ probe Lifespan Ca 2+ dynamics -AQ2121 pmyo3::YC2.1 Cameleon YC2.1 Cytosolic Ca 2+ probe Ca 2+ dynamics Motility assay -AQ3055 pmyo-2::2mt8::YC3.60 Cameleon YC3.6 Mitochondrial Ca 2+ probe Ca 2+ dynamics -