Calcium looping carbon capture: Progress and prospects

Abstract

Carbon capture and utilization/storage is an integral part of a smooth transition to a net-zero energy portfolio. The distinctive advantages of the calcium looping (CaL) process, including low-cost and high-theoretical uptake capacity, make it a promising approach for the decarbonization of fossil fuel power plants and carbon-intensive industries, including cement and steel. CaL exploits the reversible reaction of CO 2 with CaO to capture and release carbon dioxide in a cyclic process. This paper reviews the fundamentals of the CaL process, the kinetics of the carbonation reaction, and extensive research on the development of sorbent materials with high durability for use in the CaL process. Various optimizing strategies for the improvement of the stability and CO 2 uptake capacity of materials are outlined. Lastly, an overview of benchand pilot-scale testing facilities around the world is provided. The characteristics, operating conditions, and the main experimental findings of the testing facilities are summarized.

Decarbonization of Power and Industrial Sectors: The Role of Membrane Processes

“…The calcium looping process can capture CO 2 from a large-scale power plant and other industrial flue gases [ 132 ]. Due to the high temperature of the processes in the carbonator/calciner fluidized bed reactors and additional requirements for oxygen, there are difficulties in implementing the calcium looping process from an economic point of view.…”

Mechanism and kinetics of enzymatic degradation of polyester microparticles using a shrinking particle–shrinking core model

“…Solving eqn (25) and rearranging provides an expression for the kinetics of SCM degradation if diffusion is the RDS:…”

“…Shrinking Particle (SPM) and Shrinking Core (SCM) models are widely used to describe transport phenomena in solid-fluid chemical reactions, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] including polymer degradation. [26][27][28][29][30][31] These models by themselves can describe homogenous acid or base hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalates, but cannot accurately describe the multi-step heterogenous enzymatic degradation of polymers.…”

Reactivity stabilization and capacity study of fabricated alumina and zirconia‐supported CaO‐based sorbents for high‐temperature CO2 capture in a fixed‐bed reactor

“…[14][15][16][17][18][19] Based on the literature, the stability of CaO-based sorbent in numerous calcium looping cycles was significantly improved using sintering resistant inert materials. [20] Co-precipitation, hydration, and sol-gel methods have been applied to synthesize the stabilized sorbents. [21,22] Among all the applied supports and doping materials, zirconia (ZrO 2 ) and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) efficiently enhanced the sorbent's reactivity through numerous cycles.…”